World Development Indicators

Unemployment
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)		Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)		Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)		Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)		Unemployment with basic education (% of total labor force with basic education)	Unemployment with intermediate education (% of total labor force with intermediate education)	Unemployment with advanced education (% of total labor force with advanced education)


2015	2021	2015	2021	2015	2021	2015	2021	2015-21	2015-21	2015-21

Afghanistan	8.3	10.5	11.5	16.8	11.5	14.5	16.0	21.2	6.7	8.7	9.5
Albania	17.2	12.7	17.1	12.6	39.6	30.1	40.3	28.7	5.8	8.9	14.9
Algeria	9.9	9.6	16.6	20.5	27.1	25.2	44.6	48.2	10.9	11.3	17.8
American Samoa	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Andorra	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Angola	10.0	10.6	9.2	10.1	16.9	17.6	16.0	17.4	12.3	29.4	17.1
Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Argentina	6.7	7.9	8.6	9.9	18.0	21.0	23.6	26.7	10.4	10.7	3.4
Armenia	13.5	15.0	10.9	10.7	20.8	25.9	23.6	23.5	6.1	10.0	10.7
Aruba	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Australia	6.0	5.2	6.1	5.0	14.2	12.6	11.9	9.8	8.4	4.5	3.5
Austria	6.1	6.2	5.3	6.1	11.0	10.7	10.0	11.3	14.4	6.0	4.1
Azerbaijan	4.1	4.9	5.8	7.0	11.1	12.3	15.5	16.5	13.0	5.4	5.4
Bahamas, The	11.1	11.6	13.0	11.7	21.6	24.7	30.1	31.1	..	..	..
Bahrain	0.5	0.7	3.8	4.5	2.8	3.8	12.6	14.8	..	..	..
Bangladesh	3.1	3.9	7.4	7.5	9.7	11.5	13.0	18.4	3.5	8.5	10.7
Barbados	10.6	10.7	9.0	8.4	28.0	31.6	29.5	23.1	9.4	9.8	4.2
Belarus	7.4	4.7	4.2	3.1	12.8	11.3	8.7	9.5	11.1	4.6	2.2
Belgium	9.1	6.6	7.8	5.9	23.8	19.9	20.0	16.2	13.9	7.0	3.6
Belize	5.5	7.0	11.1	15.6	11.3	15.6	26.0	35.6	9.9	10.1	7.0
Benin	1.8	1.5	2.3	2.1	4.1	3.4	5.1	5.2	0.8	2.0	2.3
Bermuda	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bhutan	1.9	3.3	3.3	4.8	8.0	13.4	12.4	17.6	5.1	14.3	11.5
Bolivia	2.6	4.6	3.8	5.7	5.8	8.1	8.5	8.9	3.3	6.8	8.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25.8	12.7	30.7	18.1	60.5	32.0	67.6	41.0	16.7	15.9	11.6
Botswana	16.9	19.4	22.0	23.1	33.0	37.6	39.2	39.8	27.2	29.4	14.2
Brazil	7.2	10.8	10.3	16.7	16.4	24.4	23.6	33.8	16.3	15.0	7.5
British Virgin Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Brunei Darussalam	7.0	6.4	8.6	9.0	25.3	21.0	27.5	29.3	7.4	4.9	3.9
Bulgaria	9.8	5.5	8.4	5.0	21.3	16.2	22.3	15.3	15.6	4.9	2.0
Burkina Faso	4.2	5.2	4.5	5.2	7.0	8.3	7.6	8.7	6.5	8.7	11.1
Burundi	1.9	1.1	1.1	1.1	3.8	2.0	1.8	1.3	0.7	7.0	9.2
Cabo Verde	11.4	14.4	12.3	13.4	26.3	26.7	31.5	36.3	10.4	13.6	7.1
Cambodia	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.4	1.0	1.0
Cameroon	3.1	3.6	4.1	4.7	5.8	6.5	6.8	7.9	..	..	..
Canada	7.5	7.7	6.3	7.2	15.0	14.6	11.3	12.4	14.4	9.8	5.9
Cayman Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	5.7	4.8	2.5
Central African Republic	5.0	5.8	6.6	7.3	9.3	10.0	11.4	12.0	..	..	..
Chad	1.3	1.8	0.7	1.1	2.2	2.7	0.7	1.1	1.1	3.5	7.6
Channel Islands	8.4	7.2	8.8	8.0	20.6	16.0	19.4	15.8	..	..	..
Chile	6.0	9.1	7.1	9.6	14.4	19.0	18.5	22.7	9.5	10.0	7.9
China	5.1	5.0	4.0	4.0	11.6	13.4	9.6	11.2	..	..	..
Colombia	6.4	10.9	10.9	18.2	12.5	19.6	22.7	32.1	10.7	16.4	15.3
Comoros	6.7	7.5	10.5	11.4	19.4	20.6	18.6	20.2	5.6	7.8	11.7
Congo, Dem. Rep.	5.2	5.8	3.7	4.4	10.6	11.3	6.7	7.9	1.6	7.5	5.5
Congo, Rep.	19.2	20.9	21.7	23.6	40.6	41.8	38.9	41.0	..	..	..
Costa Rica	7.1	11.7	10.4	20.1	19.6	33.3	26.6	46.8	16.2	21.0	7.5
Cote d'Ivoire	2.3	2.3	3.3	3.5	2.6	3.6	4.5	5.5	4.2	5.5	6.7
Croatia	15.6	7.3	16.9	8.0	41.5	19.0	43.7	26.4	10.5	8.5	4.9
Cuba	2.3	1.4	2.6	1.6	6.5	3.7	5.8	3.6	..	..	..
Curacao	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	25.4	22.5	10.6
Cyprus	15.0	7.1	14.8	7.9	33.9	17.8	30.7	16.3	7.9	8.8	6.3
Czechia	4.2	2.3	6.1	3.4	11.3	7.6	14.4	9.1	12.9	2.7	1.4
Denmark	6.1	5.0	6.5	5.1	13.1	10.7	11.1	10.9	8.4	4.5	4.0
Djibouti	22.5	23.8	36.1	37.9	71.4	75.6	73.4	79.2	34.8	27.5	16.3
Dominica	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Dominican Republic	5.5	4.4	11.0	12.5	12.2	11.6	24.3	25.6	6.9	10.3	8.1
Ecuador	3.0	3.7	4.5	5.7	7.2	7.0	11.5	12.8	2.6	6.7	6.3
Egypt, Arab Rep.	9.4	5.6	24.7	15.9	31.5	13.3	39.9	38.8	4.9	7.0	15.3
El Salvador	4.4	4.0	3.5	4.8	8.1	7.9	9.9	14.6	3.6	6.2	6.1
Equatorial Guinea	7.4	8.4	9.3	10.2	14.7	15.9	17.3	18.7	..	..	..
Eritrea	5.1	6.1	6.6	7.6	9.0	10.2	11.5	12.6	..	..	..
Estonia	6.5	6.8	6.3	5.6	15.4	18.2	13.0	15.0	14.2	6.9	3.4
Eswatini	21.6	22.8	25.3	26.5	45.8	47.4	50.1	52.6	25.4	29.0	11.3
Ethiopia	1.9	2.9	3.4	5.1	2.9	4.4	5.2	8.1	..	..	..
Faroe Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Fiji	3.8	4.3	5.3	6.2	11.6	12.8	20.0	23.7	2.6	5.6	5.0
Finland	9.9	8.1	8.8	7.1	25.1	17.6	19.6	16.4	16.4	8.0	4.6
France	10.8	8.0	9.9	7.8	25.7	18.9	23.4	18.8	14.4	8.5	5.3
French Polynesia	11.4	12.5	13.0	14.2	31.5	33.3	37.8	41.0	..	..	..
Gabon	15.3	16.7	28.6	29.7	31.8	33.0	41.9	43.5	..	..	..
Gambia, The	5.9	5.9	7.9	4.0	8.6	9.1	11.9	7.6	4.4	9.8	5.3
Georgia	18.7	13.4	13.9	10.9	34.7	29.5	39.4	33.2	12.9	11.3	12.3
Germany	5.0	3.9	4.2	3.2	7.9	7.3	6.5	6.4	7.7	3.1	2.4
Ghana	7.0	3.7	6.6	4.1	14.8	7.2	13.7	7.2	2.8	6.8	4.5
Gibraltar	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Greece	21.7	11.3	28.9	18.9	45.2	30.9	55.2	41.1	16.3	17.0	10.9
Greenland	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Grenada	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guam	7.2	6.4	6.6	6.0	15.4	13.4	15.8	14.2	..	..	..
Guatemala	2.0	2.5	3.6	3.8	3.8	5.0	9.8	7.1	2.6	4.6	3.6
Guinea	5.1	5.8	4.7	5.9	6.3	6.9	7.0	9.0	6.0	18.3	17.5
Guinea-Bissau	3.5	4.1	2.7	3.2	4.1	4.5	4.3	4.9	2.7	8.2	8.9
Guyana	11.6	13.7	15.8	16.6	19.9	24.5	32.4	36.8	13.5	16.2	6.2
Haiti	11.3	12.3	16.8	18.0	25.8	26.9	40.8	43.2	..	..	..
Honduras	4.5	6.2	9.0	10.7	6.8	9.3	19.5	21.0	5.0	10.4	6.6
Hong Kong SAR, China	3.4	6.1	3.2	4.2	11.4	15.1	9.6	10.4	6.1	5.5	4.1
Hungary	6.6	3.9	7.0	4.2	18.2	12.0	15.9	15.5	11.0	3.9	1.7
Iceland	3.9	5.7	4.1	6.3	10.6	13.0	6.6	10.6	10.0	5.9	4.1
India	7.9	8.0	8.0	6.9	23.6	24.0	22.5	23.3	4.9	9.6	15.8
Indonesia	4.6	4.3	4.4	3.2	17.2	14.6	17.3	12.7	2.3	6.7	4.4
Iran, Islamic Rep.	9.4	9.3	19.6	17.8	22.2	22.6	42.2	38.5	6.4	10.0	13.8
Iraq	8.4	14.2	22.0	28.2	18.2	31.7	41.4	62.1	14.7	13.4	18.8
Ireland	10.7	6.2	8.9	6.1	23.6	14.4	16.3	14.5	10.2	7.9	4.2
Isle of Man	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Israel	5.1	4.3	5.4	4.4	9.0	6.9	9.7	7.9	7.4	5.5	3.5
Italy	11.3	8.7	12.7	10.6	38.8	27.7	42.6	32.9	13.2	9.2	5.1
Jamaica	6.7	4.9	11.5	7.4	20.2	15.4	33.7	22.7	3.3	6.4	4.2
Japan	3.6	3.1	3.1	2.5	5.9	5.1	5.1	4.1	..	3.2	2.5
Jordan	11.1	16.9	22.8	25.6	26.0	37.5	53.2	52.0	22.9	11.8	27.9
Kazakhstan	4.4	4.6	5.5	5.7	3.6	3.7	4.0	4.4	6.7	6.1	4.6
Kenya	2.6	5.3	3.0	5.9	7.3	12.5	7.3	14.5	4.1	8.1	12.3
Kiribati	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	8.9	14.2	2.8
Korea, Dem. People's Rep.	2.8	3.1	3.0	3.4	6.2	6.5	7.4	8.2	..	..	..
Korea, Rep.	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.7	9.9	8.9	9.9	7.4	3.8	3.6	3.6
Kosovo	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	29.0	20.7	15.7
Kuwait	1.3	1.4	4.8	7.0	14.1	10.9	21.0	31.4	0.7	6.1	5.7
Kyrgyz Republic	3.2	4.5	3.6	5.2	5.6	8.3	8.3	11.0	6.5	6.2	5.9
Lao PDR	2.9	4.1	2.1	3.1	5.0	6.8	4.1	6.2	3.4	3.2	5.2
Latvia	11.1	8.5	8.6	6.5	18.0	14.9	14.1	14.6	14.2	8.8	4.6
Lebanon	7.9	11.0	12.7	15.8	20.1	25.8	21.0	23.9	9.5	12.3	14.5
Lesotho	15.1	16.3	19.0	20.6	18.3	19.1	33.8	37.5	17.8	8.7	12.2
Liberia	3.0	4.3	2.1	3.0	2.1	3.1	1.7	3.1	4.6	11.2	8.4
Libya	16.3	17.2	25.5	26.8	42.1	42.8	68.6	70.2	..	..	..
Liechtenstein	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Lithuania	10.1	7.6	8.2	6.6	16.1	14.0	16.7	14.7	16.4	9.3	4.0
Luxembourg	6.1	4.9	7.3	5.6	18.9	17.7	15.7	16.1	8.1	5.5	4.0
Macao SAR, China	2.0	2.6	1.6	1.9	5.2	7.0	3.5	5.0	2.3	1.8	1.5
Madagascar	1.8	2.2	1.8	2.4	3.7	4.5	2.9	3.9	1.1	4.9	8.5
Malawi	4.1	4.7	5.9	6.6	6.5	7.2	7.2	8.4	0.7	2.7	2.3
Malaysia	2.9	3.9	3.4	4.3	10.5	11.4	12.4	14.0	4.1	4.6	4.6
Maldives	6.7	5.5	6.4	4.5	19.6	19.6	12.1	10.1	5.2	4.8	2.6
Mali	1.4	2.6	1.3	2.6	2.3	4.0	2.0	4.4	8.8	14.5	16.0
Malta	5.4	3.7	5.4	3.3	13.1	12.5	9.8	5.9	4.9	3.9	1.6
Marshall Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	8.2	5.9	4.9
Mauritania	9.3	10.6	11.9	12.6	17.0	19.9	21.7	26.8	20.1	14.0	12.8
Mauritius	5.3	5.7	10.7	10.6	21.3	19.4	31.3	29.2	8.7	7.8	5.5
Mexico	4.2	4.1	4.4	4.1	7.8	7.5	9.9	8.5	3.7	5.1	4.7
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Moldova	5.9	3.8	3.5	2.5	12.1	8.9	12.7	9.5	0.5	0.8	1.2
Monaco	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	8.1	6.5	6.2
Mongolia	5.4	8.1	4.2	7.3	12.0	15.8	13.8	20.3	5.5	8.8	7.8
Montenegro	17.8	16.3	17.3	17.6	40.2	29.7	34.6	31.3	33.7	18.1	13.2
Morocco	9.1	10.0	10.4	12.4	20.7	24.5	21.3	26.3	14.6	26.0	25.3
Mozambique	3.2	3.6	3.7	4.2	7.4	8.1	7.0	7.9	6.2	16.4	7.3
Myanmar	0.7	1.1	0.9	2.2	1.5	4.3	1.8	5.9	1.2	0.4	0.8
Namibia	19.2	22.4	22.7	20.1	36.2	39.2	47.0	41.2	17.5	23.9	12.2
Nauru	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Nepal	9.7	11.2	12.0	13.8	18.4	20.6	21.8	25.4	9.8	14.5	8.3
Netherlands	6.5	4.0	7.3	4.5	11.3	10.0	11.2	9.2	7.0	4.0	2.9
New Caledonia	13.1	12.2	14.8	12.7	35.7	35.6	39.0	41.1	..	..	..
New Zealand	5.0	3.7	5.9	3.9	13.9	10.8	13.9	10.1	6.8	4.9	2.9
Nicaragua	4.2	5.8	5.4	6.1	7.1	9.9	12.7	14.9	..	..	..
Niger	0.6	0.8	0.4	0.5	0.9	1.3	0.4	0.3	8.1	7.8	4.8
Nigeria	4.5	6.2	3.9	5.7	10.0	12.8	11.8	14.6	7.9	14.1	17.2
North Macedonia	27.1	16.5	25.4	14.7	50.1	33.3	43.8	41.2	22.9	15.6	11.7
Northern Mariana Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Norway	4.6	4.6	4.0	4.2	11.1	13.2	8.6	11.8	10.3	3.5	2.6
Oman	2.0	1.2	12.6	9.2	5.8	4.4	34.6	24.8	0.4	3.2	4.5
Pakistan	2.8	5.5	6.2	9.2	5.7	9.9	9.5	14.3	5.2	9.7	16.2
Palau	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1.5	0.8	0.5
Panama	3.7	10.0	5.4	10.7	9.5	19.8	15.8	27.1	9.8	12.9	7.5
Papua New Guinea	3.4	3.7	1.4	1.8	5.7	6.2	3.4	4.3	..	..	..
Paraguay	4.3	5.7	4.9	9.6	10.4	12.3	11.9	21.8	5.0	5.9	2.8
Peru	3.2	4.7	3.3	5.6	7.1	8.5	6.6	10.7	3.3	6.4	6.6
Philippines	3.0	2.4	3.2	3.0	7.7	6.3	10.3	9.0	1.2	2.8	3.6
Poland	7.3	3.3	7.7	3.4	20.7	11.5	20.9	12.5	8.1	4.0	1.8
Portugal	12.2	6.3	12.8	6.9	29.6	21.0	34.5	26.4	6.7	7.9	5.3
Puerto Rico	13.7	8.8	9.6	6.6	29.8	18.0	20.7	14.0	..	..	..
Qatar	0.1	0.1	0.9	0.5	0.2	0.2	3.0	1.6	0.1	0.2	0.3
Romania	7.5	6.0	5.9	5.0	20.5	20.9	23.3	21.2	13.2	5.1	2.1
Russian Federation	5.8	4.6	5.3	4.8	15.6	15.2	17.3	17.3	11.2	4.1	4.7
Rwanda	11.1	12.1	12.6	14.7	15.5	16.5	17.9	19.1	15.2	23.3	17.8
Samoa	7.2	6.9	11.5	14.9	13.6	13.7	23.6	29.9	8.4	12.3	6.3
San Marino	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	4.5	8.3	8.2
Sao Tome and Principe	10.3	11.8	20.4	21.9	15.9	17.7	31.2	33.6	..	..	..
Saudi Arabia	2.5	3.3	22.2	21.5	20.2	19.3	57.0	48.4	4.1	7.1	8.8
Senegal	6.4	3.3	7.3	3.8	7.4	3.4	9.0	7.8	3.3	5.9	17.1
Serbia	16.8	9.3	18.7	11.0	40.2	23.9	48.3	29.1	10.0	10.7	8.5
Seychelles	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	2.3	4.6	4.4
Sierra Leone	5.3	4.7	3.5	2.6	12.0	5.3	5.1	3.2	4.1	5.3	4.9
Singapore	3.7	3.4	4.0	3.8	7.8	5.1	11.3	10.2	4.0	4.5	3.4
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Slovak Republic	10.3	6.7	12.9	7.0	25.9	19.8	27.6	22.0	42.8	6.4	3.1
Slovenia	8.0	4.3	10.0	5.3	17.6	11.6	14.6	14.4	9.1	5.4	3.3
Solomon Islands	0.7	0.9	0.8	1.0	1.1	1.4	1.6	2.2	..	..	..
Somalia	16.5	17.3	24.2	25.7	31.8	33.2	36.3	38.9	19.9	14.7	19.0
South Africa	21.2	27.5	24.8	30.3	38.3	45.6	46.8	54.9	32.8	32.9	16.1
South Sudan	11.3	12.4	13.3	14.6	20.3	20.6	17.8	19.3	..	..	..
Spain	20.8	13.1	23.6	16.7	48.7	34.1	48.0	35.6	21.0	16.1	9.2
Sri Lanka	3.0	3.8	7.4	7.9	15.6	17.5	25.5	27.8	3.7	8.4	7.7
St. Kitts and Nevis	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
St. Lucia	18.9	17.7	22.5	21.5	48.8	45.8	44.2	41.2	27.4	22.1	13.0
St. Martin (French part)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	19.7	21.0	17.8	19.6	36.9	39.1	38.6	42.9	..	..	..
Sudan	12.5	14.1	29.2	30.5	27.4	29.9	42.1	44.2	..	..	..
Suriname	4.4	6.7	11.4	12.5	8.6	19.5	20.8	40.4	9.1	5.4	3.6
Sweden	7.6	8.4	7.3	9.0	21.1	25.1	19.5	24.0	27.6	6.7	4.3
Switzerland	4.7	4.9	4.9	5.3	9.2	8.9	8.4	8.8	9.5	5.2	3.5
Syrian Arab Republic	6.1	7.1	20.4	21.5	17.5	17.9	44.5	44.9	..	..	..
Tajikistan	8.4	8.6	6.1	6.3	20.6	19.0	14.6	14.1	6.4	7.3	6.6
Tanzania	1.6	2.0	2.7	3.5	3.1	3.3	4.5	5.2	0.6	0.3	4.0
Thailand	0.6	1.0	0.6	1.0	2.6	4.1	4.0	6.2	1.0	1.5	2.5
Timor-Leste	3.2	3.7	5.9	6.5	10.0	11.0	15.6	16.6	3.1	2.4	2.0
Togo	2.7	5.0	1.7	3.3	4.0	12.4	4.6	7.9	4.8	14.3	13.5
Tonga	1.4	2.0	2.7	3.7	3.0	3.9	10.1	13.0	2.0	2.1	2.3
Trinidad and Tobago	2.1	3.8	2.9	5.3	5.2	12.0	6.8	14.2	5.1	4.1	2.4
Tunisia	12.4	13.2	22.2	23.6	34.0	36.1	37.4	39.9	8.3	15.6	29.1
Turkiye	9.2	10.7	12.6	14.7	16.2	19.2	21.8	28.3	11.0	13.5	12.5
Turkmenistan	5.7	6.4	2.7	3.4	14.0	13.8	6.4	7.4	..	..	..
Turks and Caicos Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Tuvalu	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	35.6	27.3	3.0
Uganda	2.2	3.7	3.3	4.9	3.7	6.1	4.5	7.0	1.6	5.5	10.0
Ukraine	10.1	9.5	8.1	10.1	22.9	18.1	22.1	20.4	11.7	10.1	9.0
United Arab Emirates	1.3	2.3	4.5	6.8	4.2	8.0	9.0	20.5	0.3	5.5	4.2
United Kingdom	5.5	5.0	5.1	4.6	16.0	14.3	12.8	11.2	6.5	4.0	2.5
United States	5.4	5.5	5.2	5.2	12.7	10.5	10.4	8.9	8.1	7.1	3.6
Uruguay	6.4	7.9	8.8	10.9	20.3	29.0	26.3	35.2	10.4	6.2	3.0
Uzbekistan	5.3	5.4	4.9	7.0	12.5	11.6	12.4	17.4	..	6.2	1.5
Vanuatu	2.1	2.3	1.6	1.9	4.5	4.9	4.3	5.3	3.6	5.0	2.1
Venezuela, RB	5.8	6.0	6.5	7.3	11.3	11.8	17.3	17.6	3.9	5.7	5.8
Vietnam	2.0	2.5	1.7	2.3	6.2	6.8	6.5	6.8	2.0	2.8	3.4
Virgin Islands (U.S.)	11.3	12.2	13.4	14.4	23.0	25.4	35.4	38.2	..	..	..
West Bank and Gaza	20.1	22.2	34.1	42.6	33.2	36.9	56.2	64.2	23.1	26.6	31.9
Yemen, Rep.	12.7	12.8	26.5	26.5	24.0	24.9	34.7	36.3	..	..	..
Zambia	8.1	6.1	8.5	6.3	17.4	12.2	16.9	9.8	4.3	9.5	7.5
Zimbabwe	5.0	8.4	5.5	7.7	7.0	11.7	8.9	13.5	8.1	11.6	7.1
Arab World	8.4	8.7	20.4	20.2	24.9	23.4	39.7	43.1	..	..	..
Caribbean small states	6.9	7.0	10.5	9.4	17.5	18.5	27.7	26.9	8.0	9.6	5.5
Central Europe and the Baltics	7.7	4.5	7.9	4.5	20.4	14.3	21.2	15.6	14.2	5.2	2.4
Early-demographic dividend	6.5	6.9	7.6	7.7	17.9	18.1	20.3	21.5	8.1	11.7	13.9
East Asia & Pacific	4.4	4.4	3.7	3.6	10.9	11.7	9.9	10.4	..	..	..
East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)	4.5	4.5	3.7	3.6	11.0	12.1	10.1	10.7	..	..	..
East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)	4.5	4.5	3.7	3.6	11.1	12.1	10.1	10.7	..	..	..
Euro area	10.7	7.4	11.0	8.1	25.4	19.2	25.3	20.3	15.2	10.1	6.0
Europe & Central Asia	8.5	6.7	8.5	7.1	19.8	16.8	20.4	18.9	13.5	9.3	6.8
Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)	7.7	7.1	7.3	7.4	16.7	16.0	18.5	20.0	11.5	9.3	8.6
Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)	7.8	6.7	7.3	7.0	17.3	15.9	19.1	19.5	11.3	8.9	8.0
European Union	9.9	6.7	10.2	7.3	24.1	18.3	24.1	19.3	15.0	9.3	5.5
Fragile and conflict affected situations	5.4	6.8	5.8	7.3	11.3	13.7	15.1	18.5	..	..	..
Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC)	4.4	4.6	5.1	5.7	8.6	8.8	10.2	10.7	..	..	..
High income	6.4	5.4	6.9	5.9	16.1	13.5	16.7	14.3	11.5	8.2	5.0
IBRD only	6.4	6.6	6.1	6.4	17.6	18.5	19.0	20.7	..	..	..
IDA & IBRD total	5.9	6.3	5.9	6.4	15.2	16.1	16.8	18.6	..	..	..
IDA blend	3.7	5.8	4.7	6.8	8.1	11.4	10.3	14.4	6.1	10.1	13.4
IDA only	4.2	4.9	5.3	6.2	9.5	10.5	12.1	14.1	..	..	..
IDA total	4.0	5.2	5.1	6.4	9.0	10.8	11.5	14.2	..	..	..
Late-demographic dividend	5.3	5.5	4.9	5.5	12.5	14.8	13.1	16.0	..	..	..
Latin America & Caribbean	5.7	7.7	8.0	11.4	12.5	16.1	18.1	22.6	12.6	13.2	8.0
Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)	5.7	7.7	8.1	11.7	12.4	16.1	18.1	22.7	12.7	13.4	8.1
Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)	5.8	7.8	8.1	11.6	12.5	16.2	18.2	22.8	12.6	13.2	8.0
Least developed countries: UN classification	4.3	5.1	5.3	6.3	9.4	10.6	11.5	13.6	..	..	..
Low & middle income	5.9	6.3	5.8	6.3	15.1	16.1	16.7	18.6	..	..	..
Low income	4.6	5.1	5.2	6.0	9.0	9.7	10.5	11.4	..	..	..
Lower middle income	6.2	6.5	6.4	6.4	17.3	17.4	18.5	19.6	5.4	10.1	14.4
Middle East & North Africa	8.1	8.2	18.4	17.3	23.8	21.9	39.7	42.1	9.4	12.0	16.7
Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)	9.7	9.7	20.4	19.2	25.5	23.0	39.7	42.8	10.4	12.9	18.2
Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)	9.6	9.5	20.3	18.9	25.3	22.8	39.5	42.5	9.9	12.4	17.7
Middle income	6.0	6.4	5.9	6.4	15.8	16.9	17.3	19.4	..	..	..
North America	5.6	5.7	5.3	5.4	13.0	10.9	10.5	9.2	9.0	7.5	3.9
Not classified	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
OECD members	6.7	6.0	7.0	6.4	15.0	13.3	15.3	14.4	11.3	9.6	6.7
Other small states	8.0	8.4	13.3	12.7	21.2	22.8	28.5	28.1	..	..	..
Pacific island small states	2.8	3.1	3.3	3.8	7.2	7.5	12.2	14.1	..	..	..
Post-demographic dividend	6.9	5.7	6.8	5.8	16.4	13.2	15.1	12.6	11.9	8.5	5.2
Pre-demographic dividend	4.9	5.8	5.1	6.0	9.9	11.7	11.9	14.2	..	..	..
Small states	7.6	7.9	12.1	11.5	19.8	21.2	27.4	27.0	..	..	..
South Asia	6.9	7.3	7.8	7.4	19.7	20.9	19.8	21.7	4.9	9.6	15.8
South Asia (IDA & IBRD)	6.9	7.3	7.8	7.4	19.7	20.9	19.8	21.7	4.9	9.6	15.8
Sub-Saharan Africa	5.5	6.4	6.2	7.2	10.7	11.7	12.2	13.5	..	..	..
Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)	5.5	6.4	6.2	7.2	10.7	11.7	12.2	13.5	..	..	..
Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)	5.5	6.4	6.2	7.2	10.7	11.7	12.2	13.5	..	..	..
Upper middle income	5.8	6.3	5.6	6.4	13.3	16.0	15.3	18.9	..	..	..
World	6.0	6.2	6.1	6.3	15.2	15.8	16.7	18.1	..	..	..

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