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World Development Indicators:
Unemployment
Unemployment
Youth unemployment
Unemployment by educational attainment
Male
Female
Male
Female
Basic
Intermediate
Advanced
% of male labor force
% of female labor force
% of male labor force ages 15-24
% of female labor force ages 15-24
% total force with basic education
% total force with intermediate education
% total force with advanced education
1991
2016
1991
2016
1991
2016
1991
2016
2013-16
2013-16
2013-16
Afghanistan
1.1
7.7
1.8
12.4
2.5
17.0
3.4
23.6
..
..
..
Albania
15.2
16.5
10.5
16.1
37.4
36.8
26.3
35.7
13.8
20.4
19.1
Algeria
17.6
9.2
42.9
19.7
34.3
22.6
66.4
44.3
..
..
..
American Samoa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Andorra
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Angola
6.3
6.2
7.2
7.1
10.8
10.5
12.4
11.9
..
..
..
Antigua and Barbuda
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Argentina
5.4
5.8
6.5
7.7
10.6
14.3
12.2
19.0
8.3
6.8
5.5
Armenia
17.5
15.0
20.9
18.7
35.4
31.5
46.9
44.9
15.1
19.1
17.9
Aruba
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Australia
9.9
5.7
9.1
5.8
18.6
13.5
16.3
11.4
8.6
5.9
3.4
Austria
3.3
6.4
3.5
5.8
4.0
11.8
3.4
10.8
11.1
5.4
3.9
Azerbaijan
4.9
4.3
5.1
5.9
11.7
12.5
10.2
16.2
..
..
..
Bahamas, The
12.5
15.1
12.1
15.6
21.3
26.1
24.7
33.9
..
..
..
Bahrain
0.6
0.5
5.0
4.3
2.6
2.9
13.4
13.4
..
..
..
Bangladesh
1.8
3.7
2.8
4.7
3.8
10.5
4.3
10.2
..
..
..
Barbados
13.5
11.8
21.1
10.9
29.2
30.2
36.7
32.4
..
..
..
Belarus
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
1.3
1.1
1.4
1.2
..
..
..
Belgium
4.6
8.6
10.6
7.9
11.0
22.8
17.1
20.1
16.0
8.7
4.6
Belize
4.5
7.2
2.3
16.5
7.4
13.5
4.2
31.7
..
..
..
Benin
0.9
1.1
0.7
0.9
1.2
1.5
1.3
1.9
..
..
..
Bermuda
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bhutan
2.3
1.9
3.2
3.1
6.6
7.9
8.6
11.5
2.3
7.3
18.3
Bolivia
5.0
3.1
7.3
4.5
8.9
6.7
12.2
9.0
..
..
..
Bosnia and Herzegovina
16.4
27.9
19.6
22.3
34.6
68.6
38.5
65.7
29.6
30.0
18.4
Botswana
11.5
15.6
16.4
21.4
19.5
28.1
32.3
38.9
..
..
..
Brazil
8.6
9.5
12.9
14.0
15.2
20.6
22.5
30.1
11.4
9.9
4.6
Brunei Darussalam
4.3
1.9
5.4
2.2
10.8
5.4
13.2
6.6
..
..
..
Bulgaria
19.0
8.4
17.7
7.5
38.3
18.9
31.4
19.2
24.2
8.3
4.0
Burkina Faso
3.5
3.8
1.9
2.1
5.4
5.9
3.3
3.7
..
..
..
Burundi
1.3
1.3
1.9
1.9
2.7
2.9
3.0
3.2
..
..
..
Cabo Verde
9.4
9.1
14.0
12.7
12.7
13.4
23.1
23.6
..
..
..
Cambodia
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.2
1.0
0.6
0.5
0.3
..
..
..
Cameroon
4.4
3.8
6.4
5.3
7.0
5.8
10.1
8.2
..
..
..
Canada
10.8
7.6
9.7
6.4
18.5
15.4
12.9
11.7
13.9
8.3
5.5
Cayman Islands
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
5.7
4.8
2.5
Central African Republic
6.3
6.5
7.1
7.2
10.8
11.2
12.4
12.6
..
..
..
Chad
4.7
4.8
6.9
7.0
7.4
7.4
10.5
10.6
..
..
..
Channel Islands
10.4
9.8
8.1
7.3
19.2
18.8
14.3
14.0
..
..
..
Chile
5.1
6.0
5.8
7.3
11.3
14.7
14.9
19.3
3.6
4.1
9.2
China
5.3
5.3
4.4
3.7
10.1
12.9
8.1
8.0
..
..
..
Hong Kong SAR, China
1.9
3.8
1.6
3.0
4.6
10.7
3.6
7.9
3.7
3.3
2.9
Macao SAR, China
3.3
3.3
2.5
2.1
7.6
7.9
4.4
5.5
1.9
1.8
1.6
Colombia
8.3
7.4
14.4
13.1
17.7
15.8
29.7
28.1
..
..
..
Comoros
18.4
18.3
24.3
23.6
36.8
38.0
37.4
38.2
..
..
..
Congo, Dem. Rep.
2.8
2.9
4.3
4.4
5.0
5.0
7.8
7.7
..
..
..
Congo, Rep.
10.5
9.2
15.0
13.3
17.2
15.3
24.9
22.2
..
..
..
Costa Rica
4.6
7.4
7.3
11.5
10.1
19.2
13.7
27.2
10.2
10.1
4.9
Cote d'Ivoire
8.1
8.3
11.1
11.0
11.2
11.3
17.8
17.7
..
..
..
Croatia
11.1
12.8
11.2
14.2
41.9
34.2
38.9
36.2
21.6
18.1
9.3
Cuba
3.5
2.6
4.3
3.4
7.1
6.2
7.5
6.7
..
..
..
Curacao
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Cyprus
7.8
11.6
8.2
11.9
19.3
26.0
18.8
24.1
18.6
16.5
12.1
Czech Republic
2.5
3.3
2.0
5.0
5.2
9.1
4.1
11.4
22.7
4.7
2.4
Denmark
8.3
5.8
10.0
6.3
10.7
11.2
12.3
10.1
9.1
5.2
4.9
Djibouti
6.3
6.1
9.0
7.6
10.7
11.0
12.4
12.9
..
..
..
Dominica
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Dominican Republic
12.8
9.0
33.6
22.2
25.8
20.4
49.8
43.0
3.4
7.3
6.9
Ecuador
4.6
4.4
8.2
7.0
9.2
10.6
15.2
17.3
2.7
7.4
5.5
Egypt, Arab Rep.
5.4
8.4
23.3
23.9
19.4
29.0
48.3
45.7
8.3
16.3
21.4
El Salvador
8.0
7.7
4.0
4.3
12.0
13.3
9.1
11.9
7.0
5.6
11.9
Equatorial Guinea
6.3
7.2
7.0
7.5
10.7
12.3
12.4
13.9
..
..
..
Eritrea
6.7
6.8
7.8
7.8
10.8
11.3
12.4
13.0
..
..
..
Estonia
1.4
7.1
1.5
6.7
3.0
15.5
4.0
14.7
13.3
6.8
3.8
Ethiopia
3.0
3.1
8.5
8.7
4.7
4.9
11.6
11.6
..
..
..
Faroe Islands
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Fiji
4.9
6.3
8.6
11.1
10.7
15.7
17.1
25.3
..
..
..
Finland
7.8
9.4
5.0
8.5
16.4
23.9
13.2
19.3
17.6
10.2
5.9
France
7.3
10.3
11.6
9.6
16.9
24.5
22.4
22.8
18.0
10.6
5.7
French Polynesia
16.4
17.1
20.6
19.0
39.5
47.3
48.3
56.0
..
..
..
Gabon
15.8
16.4
28.2
21.6
31.6
37.1
42.3
43.3
..
..
..
Gambia, The
21.6
21.6
39.0
38.4
37.9
38.0
49.5
49.6
..
..
..
Georgia
13.2
12.9
11.2
10.0
25.3
27.0
28.6
32.2
7.1
11.2
14.4
Germany
4.4
4.6
6.5
4.0
5.2
7.1
5.9
5.8
11.1
4.2
2.3
Ghana
5.6
5.4
6.6
6.2
10.0
10.1
12.4
13.0
..
..
..
Greece
4.9
20.4
12.8
28.5
16.5
42.6
32.7
55.0
26.2
27.6
19.9
Greenland
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Grenada
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Guam
3.4
10.2
3.8
11.6
7.6
25.2
7.3
24.1
..
..
..
Guatemala
2.8
2.0
4.4
3.0
4.5
3.5
8.8
7.2
2.6
6.0
3.5
Guinea
6.2
6.3
7.3
7.4
10.8
10.6
12.4
12.2
..
..
..
Guinea-Bissau
6.2
6.1
7.2
7.0
10.9
10.7
12.3
12.4
..
..
..
Guyana
9.9
9.2
16.5
15.7
20.1
20.8
32.5
34.6
..
..
..
Haiti
11.1
11.4
15.3
15.1
25.4
28.2
36.0
39.6
..
..
..
Honduras
3.8
4.3
6.5
9.7
6.1
7.6
11.7
22.7
..
..
..
Hungary
11.3
5.1
8.7
5.3
20.6
13.8
15.5
12.2
17.3
6.4
2.4
Iceland
2.3
3.7
2.9
3.8
5.8
10.2
3.9
6.7
4.5
3.0
1.7
India
3.8
3.3
4.5
3.8
9.2
9.5
9.4
10.0
..
..
..
Indonesia
2.3
5.1
3.0
6.3
6.6
17.8
7.5
20.0
4.9
10.1
5.6
Iran, Islamic Rep.
10.0
9.6
19.9
18.9
20.0
22.6
31.5
41.4
..
..
..
Iraq
14.8
13.7
30.8
26.8
29.3
31.5
58.7
64.6
..
..
..
Ireland
15.3
9.0
16.6
6.9
24.7
18.5
21.0
14.7
15.9
11.3
5.5
Isle of Man
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Israel
11.3
5.5
16.4
5.8
20.1
9.6
25.1
10.5
11.0
7.2
4.2
Italy
6.8
10.7
15.8
12.7
24.2
36.5
34.0
41.0
15.4
11.4
7.1
Jamaica
9.7
9.2
22.7
18.2
20.6
23.0
44.8
38.9
..
..
..
Japan
2.0
3.3
2.2
2.9
4.7
5.8
4.2
5.1
..
4.0
2.7
Jordan
14.3
11.0
23.9
23.9
29.1
28.8
42.4
56.1
..
..
..
Kazakhstan
2.6
4.4
3.6
6.1
2.5
4.4
3.3
5.7
6.6
5.4
3.7
Kenya
8.9
9.1
12.2
13.2
18.1
21.5
19.5
23.0
..
..
..
Kiribati
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Korea, Dem. People’s Rep.
6.8
5.1
4.6
3.4
13.2
12.6
9.3
9.1
..
..
..
Korea, Rep.
2.8
3.8
1.8
3.4
9.1
11.5
5.4
9.7
2.6
4.1
3.7
Kosovo
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
46.7
32.7
19.9
Kuwait
0.9
2.6
0.9
2.1
5.1
15.3
3.0
10.0
..
..
..
Kyrgyz Republic
7.3
6.7
9.7
9.1
12.6
12.5
16.4
18.8
15.0
7.8
7.5
Lao PDR
2.5
1.7
1.8
1.3
6.0
4.8
3.7
3.0
..
..
..
Latvia
20.8
10.8
14.5
8.9
35.4
17.9
29.1
16.6
21.9
10.8
4.9
Lebanon
7.9
5.4
11.0
11.0
21.5
19.6
21.5
24.7
..
..
..
Lesotho
23.9
23.8
29.4
31.8
29.6
30.8
42.8
46.6
..
..
..
Liberia
4.5
4.1
3.9
3.9
4.2
3.9
5.1
5.4
..
..
..
Libya
17.5
16.0
35.4
28.3
38.1
40.3
66.0
66.0
..
..
..
Liechtenstein
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Lithuania
18.3
10.1
13.6
8.2
33.6
16.7
28.2
16.8
26.1
11.7
3.7
Luxembourg
1.1
5.3
2.1
6.7
2.7
17.3
2.5
15.2
10.6
6.3
4.7
Macedonia, FYR
29.9
27.2
31.8
26.0
53.3
50.9
54.2
47.2
29.4
26.6
21.0
Madagascar
3.4
1.5
5.7
2.7
6.4
2.9
7.1
3.8
..
..
..
Malawi
6.5
6.4
7.3
7.1
9.9
9.6
8.9
8.8
..
..
..
Malaysia
3.1
3.1
3.5
3.6
8.7
11.3
9.3
13.3
1.9
3.7
3.6
Maldives
7.9
2.4
10.5
4.3
19.6
7.0
17.3
10.1
..
..
..
Mali
5.5
6.1
10.2
11.4
7.1
7.6
13.5
14.5
..
..
..
Malta
6.7
5.2
10.0
5.5
17.2
13.2
18.4
9.4
8.6
3.6
1.8
Marshall Islands
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Mauritania
17.7
10.8
20.9
13.6
27.2
16.3
34.2
23.9
..
..
..
Mauritius
7.2
5.3
15.8
11.5
18.8
20.0
29.5
30.8
..
..
..
Mexico
2.6
3.9
4.2
4.2
5.2
7.1
5.7
9.3
3.6
4.8
5.0
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Moldova
8.4
6.1
6.2
3.8
15.0
12.5
13.7
13.5
5.3
5.2
4.7
Monaco
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Mongolia
7.0
7.2
6.5
6.1
10.9
14.4
10.7
16.0
8.9
8.6
6.4
Montenegro
19.7
17.8
19.8
17.1
39.9
39.5
37.0
35.4
..
..
..
Morocco
17.0
9.7
18.1
10.6
28.8
20.6
25.8
20.5
..
..
..
Mozambique
22.2
22.2
26.7
26.2
43.0
42.2
41.4
40.7
..
..
..
Myanmar
0.9
0.8
1.0
0.9
2.0
2.0
2.4
2.5
..
..
..
Namibia
16.9
23.3
21.6
28.0
30.6
45.1
38.9
55.6
..
..
..
Nepal
2.8
3.6
2.2
2.8
5.0
6.6
3.2
3.7
..
..
..
Netherlands
5.6
5.8
9.9
6.6
10.2
10.5
12.0
10.3
11.0
7.0
3.9
New Caledonia
14.5
12.5
21.3
18.3
32.6
30.6
43.3
41.8
..
..
..
New Zealand
11.3
4.8
9.7
5.7
21.3
13.6
17.2
13.5
9.4
6.3
4.0
Nicaragua
12.1
5.8
19.7
6.0
14.1
8.5
19.4
12.4
..
..
..
Niger
3.2
3.1
1.5
1.5
6.4
6.0
1.6
2.0
..
..
..
Nigeria
5.4
4.4
6.9
5.8
7.7
6.2
12.2
9.8
..
..
..
Northern Mariana Islands
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Norway
5.8
5.1
5.0
4.5
13.3
12.7
11.8
10.0
9.9
4.1
3.0
Oman
14.8
14.7
40.5
36.8
36.8
41.3
72.0
81.0
..
..
..
Pakistan
4.2
4.5
16.5
10.5
7.9
9.4
22.0
15.1
..
..
..
Palau
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Panama
12.8
4.7
22.7
7.6
25.5
12.9
40.7
18.6
..
..
..
Papua New Guinea
2.2
2.0
3.2
3.0
4.6
4.6
6.3
6.3
..
..
..
Paraguay
4.9
4.9
8.8
6.2
9.4
10.9
16.7
13.8
4.4
6.9
4.4
Peru
4.3
4.4
5.5
5.6
9.6
11.2
10.0
11.6
5.8
5.8
8.4
Philippines
8.1
5.9
10.6
5.8
14.8
12.7
21.1
15.8
5.3
10.3
8.5
Poland
10.7
6.0
13.5
6.4
23.5
16.5
28.3
17.5
16.8
8.4
4.0
Portugal
2.6
10.8
5.6
11.5
6.2
26.1
11.7
30.3
12.1
12.3
8.4
Puerto Rico
18.0
13.9
13.0
10.9
33.1
25.0
31.7
23.3
..
..
..
Qatar
0.2
0.1
3.9
1.0
1.0
0.3
11.9
3.4
0.1
0.4
0.6
Romania
7.4
7.1
7.3
5.5
19.2
20.6
21.3
22.8
7.9
7.2
4.1
Russian Federation
12.4
6.0
11.8
5.5
22.9
14.6
24.4
16.6
13.9
7.2
3.9
Rwanda
0.3
2.4
0.3
2.6
0.4
3.1
0.4
3.5
..
..
..
Samoa
1.9
6.6
2.5
8.6
3.6
13.5
5.6
21.2
..
..
..
San Marino
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Sao Tome and Principe
3.0
11.3
4.9
17.3
6.1
19.3
11.2
35.4
..
..
..
Saudi Arabia
6.1
2.7
14.5
21.2
25.0
22.0
47.8
58.1
1.2
7.1
10.6
Senegal
8.2
7.4
14.0
12.5
11.9
9.6
20.2
18.9
..
..
..
Serbia
12.4
15.5
15.9
17.9
28.5
37.6
33.6
45.5
23.0
23.4
18.3
Seychelles
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Sierra Leone
3.9
4.0
2.0
1.9
6.4
6.4
3.1
2.9
..
..
..
Singapore
1.7
1.7
2.2
1.9
2.8
3.2
4.8
6.1
3.5
4.1
3.7
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Slovak Republic
11.8
9.0
12.9
11.2
24.0
22.3
22.0
24.0
37.7
10.9
6.0
Slovenia
8.1
7.9
5.9
9.6
27.5
17.8
21.0
16.1
13.7
9.9
5.8
Solomon Islands
30.8
30.3
33.5
32.8
45.0
45.4
49.4
50.1
..
..
..
Somalia
6.3
6.3
7.4
7.4
10.7
10.5
12.4
12.3
..
..
..
South Africa
21.8
23.8
27.3
28.5
44.9
48.4
52.5
57.3
31.4
25.7
10.7
South Sudan
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Spain
12.1
17.9
23.1
21.3
25.1
42.6
36.9
43.4
28.0
19.2
11.7
Sri Lanka
10.3
3.4
23.0
8.5
33.5
17.2
54.0
28.5
3.4
5.9
8.1
St. Kitts and Nevis
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
St. Lucia
15.7
16.8
22.8
23.1
32.0
39.8
42.5
37.7
..
..
..
St. Martin (French part)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
18.5
19.3
22.1
19.3
32.5
32.8
42.6
43.5
..
..
..
Sudan
12.7
11.3
21.1
19.2
19.6
18.7
30.5
32.1
..
..
..
Suriname
8.4
6.7
17.9
15.5
21.7
18.3
38.9
39.6
..
..
..
Swaziland
21.2
23.7
28.4
27.7
41.8
51.5
47.3
54.7
..
..
..
Sweden
3.5
7.2
3.0
7.0
8.4
19.8
7.3
18.3
18.9
6.2
4.3
Switzerland
1.2
4.5
2.5
4.7
3.0
9.1
3.4
7.8
9.5
4.5
3.1
Syrian Arab Republic
4.5
11.1
16.9
33.0
9.1
25.9
26.7
66.0
..
..
..
Tajikistan
11.9
11.6
9.9
9.9
18.0
17.5
12.7
13.3
..
..
..
Tanzania
3.0
1.9
4.2
3.4
6.8
4.3
7.6
6.3
5.7
7.2
4.4
Thailand
2.7
0.7
2.7
0.6
6.8
2.9
6.7
3.5
0.6
1.3
1.9
Timor-Leste
4.4
3.3
8.5
5.6
10.1
11.2
16.8
18.7
..
..
..
Togo
6.5
6.3
7.5
7.3
10.7
10.8
12.4
12.5
..
..
..
Tonga
4.1
3.3
8.1
6.9
9.8
9.1
14.9
13.9
..
..
..
Trinidad and Tobago
15.7
3.2
22.7
4.7
28.6
8.6
41.3
11.4
..
..
..
Tunisia
12.5
12.5
21.5
21.1
28.9
34.6
31.6
38.0
..
..
..
Turkey
8.8
9.5
7.0
12.1
17.4
17.4
11.7
21.9
9.9
11.3
10.8
Turkmenistan
9.0
8.7
8.9
8.4
15.6
16.7
18.0
18.3
..
..
..
Turks and Caicos Islands
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Tuvalu
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Uganda
1.3
2.7
0.6
1.9
2.7
4.1
1.2
3.9
..
..
..
Ukraine
8.5
9.9
6.7
7.8
18.1
21.7
17.6
20.7
12.2
10.1
8.2
United Arab Emirates
2.6
2.8
9.1
9.6
7.2
9.3
16.5
19.7
..
..
..
United Kingdom
9.4
5.1
7.4
4.6
16.0
14.8
11.5
11.6
9.5
6.0
2.9
United States
7.1
5.0
6.4
4.8
14.1
12.0
12.4
9.7
9.3
2.8
1.3
Uruguay
7.1
5.7
11.8
11.2
21.2
21.3
29.2
31.6
8.1
5.3
4.6
Uzbekistan
9.0
9.0
9.0
8.7
15.6
17.1
18.2
19.4
..
..
..
Vanuatu
5.2
4.7
6.5
6.2
10.1
10.4
11.1
11.8
..
..
..
Venezuela, RB
8.7
6.4
11.1
7.6
15.4
12.3
22.2
18.0
..
..
..
Vietnam
2.7
2.2
2.7
2.1
5.5
6.2
5.8
6.7
1.2
2.7
4.4
Virgin Islands (U.S.)
8.6
7.9
11.7
10.5
18.3
17.7
25.2
24.1
..
..
..
West Bank and Gaza
27.5
24.2
22.1
27.9
37.9
38.6
44.7
54.5
21.1
20.5
29.7
Yemen, Rep.
10.1
13.1
12.5
28.4
21.3
28.5
22.8
46.9
..
..
..
Zambia
19.6
7.4
18.1
7.7
34.2
14.4
28.8
13.6
..
..
..
Zimbabwe
6.9
5.5
4.5
4.7
16.3
10.8
10.3
9.4
..
..
..
World
5.8
5.5
6.5
6.2
11.8
13.0
13.6
15.3
..
..
..
East Asia & Pacific
4.6
4.7
4.0
3.7
9.2
12.1
8.0
9.8
..
..
..
Europe & Central Asia
8.7
8.2
9.9
8.2
17.9
19.0
19.5
20.0
17.2
12.0
7.8
Latin America & Caribbean
6.6
6.7
10.4
9.9
12.4
14.2
17.7
20.9
7.9
7.7
4.5
Middle East & North Africa
10.3
8.9
21.4
19.6
23.6
25.5
41.1
45.6
..
..
..
North America
7.5
5.3
6.7
5.0
14.6
12.3
12.4
9.9
10.0
3.6
1.9
South Asia
3.7
3.6
4.9
4.6
8.7
9.8
10.6
11.0
..
..
..
Sub-Saharan Africa
7.1
6.4
9.1
8.5
13.0
11.5
16.4
14.8
..
..
..
Low income
4.7
4.8
6.4
6.5
8.7
8.8
10.1
11.1
..
..
..
Lower middle income
4.6
4.6
5.9
6.0
10.0
11.7
13.0
14.6
..
..
..
Upper middle income
6.7
6.3
6.4
6.1
13.0
15.6
14.1
17.6
..
..
..
High income
6.4
6.1
7.6
6.5
14.0
15.4
15.2
16.0
15.9
9.3
5.7