World Development Indicators

Unemployment
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)		Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)		Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)		Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)		Unemployment with basic education (% of total labor force with basic education)	Unemployment with intermediate education (% of total labor force with intermediate education)	Unemployment with advanced education (% of total labor force with advanced education)


2000	2019	2000	2019	2000	2019	2000	2019	2016-19	2016-19	2016-19

Afghanistan	11.1	10.2	14.8	13.8	17.3	16.0	23.0	20.9	12.3	16.1	15.5
Albania	16.3	11.6	16.9	11.3	28.0	27.7	24.7	25.9	5.8	8.9	14.9
Algeria	29.8	9.7	29.7	20.4	51.1	26.4	48.0	45.5	..	..	..
American Samoa	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Andorra	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Angola	4.9	6.6	2.8	7.2	11.3	16.6	6.2	15.9	..	..	..
Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Argentina	14.0	9.2	16.3	10.7	29.9	24.0	36.3	28.8	12.3	11.2	3.9
Armenia	8.1	17.6	14.5	20.3	11.4	29.0	14.7	39.8	21.0	19.4	16.8
Aruba	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Australia	6.5	5.2	6.1	5.1	12.9	13.0	11.3	10.6	..	..	..
Austria	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.3	6.9	9.1	5.6	7.8	10.6	3.9	3.0
Azerbaijan	10.9	4.0	12.7	5.7	19.3	11.3	25.4	15.4	..	..	..
Bahamas, The	6.1	10.1	8.3	10.1	12.4	22.0	19.5	28.2	..	..	..
Bahrain	0.3	0.8	3.2	4.8	1.6	4.0	8.4	15.7	..	..	..
Bangladesh	3.3	3.2	3.3	6.6	9.6	10.2	10.4	16.5	3.5	8.5	10.7
Barbados	7.4	9.9	11.4	10.4	18.3	28.4	24.2	32.2	9.4	9.8	4.2
Belarus	13.6	5.9	10.3	3.5	22.8	12.7	18.8	8.3	13.4	8.2	3.7
Belgium	5.3	5.7	8.3	4.9	12.9	15.9	18.3	12.3	11.7	5.3	3.2
Belize	7.2	4.4	18.3	9.7	14.0	9.4	33.9	25.7	6.6	9.6	3.9
Benin	1.1	2.2	0.5	2.5	1.3	4.7	0.7	5.1	..	..	..
Bermuda	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bhutan	1.2	1.8	2.2	3.0	4.6	7.9	6.3	12.3	..	..	..
Bolivia	2.4	3.4	3.6	3.5	4.8	6.6	7.8	6.8	3.2	5.2	7.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	23.0	13.6	29.8	18.7	50.5	31.5	58.5	37.6	15.0	16.4	13.3
Botswana	14.8	14.1	17.3	20.5	30.5	29.1	36.0	43.0	26.6	26.1	16.1
Brazil	7.9	10.2	12.9	14.1	15.1	24.0	23.5	32.0	14.4	13.7	6.8
British Virgin Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Brunei Darussalam	4.4	6.0	7.2	8.3	16.0	19.3	20.4	25.3	8.9	6.9	6.2
Bulgaria	16.6	4.5	15.8	3.9	35.8	9.3	29.6	8.3	12.8	3.4	1.9
Burkina Faso	2.4	4.7	2.7	4.5	3.0	7.6	3.6	7.7	6.4	8.7	11.1
Burundi	2.5	1.9	1.3	1.0	4.3	3.8	2.0	1.6	..	..	..
Cabo Verde	10.6	12.6	11.1	11.5	21.1	24.6	24.4	32.0	10.4	13.6	7.1
Cambodia	0.6	0.1	1.5	0.2	1.4	0.2	2.2	0.5	0.2	1.3	0.9
Cameroon	8.5	2.9	6.7	3.8	12.1	5.3	10.2	6.2	..	..	..
Canada	6.9	6.0	6.7	5.3	13.8	12.4	11.4	9.7	11.6	7.2	4.4
Cayman Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Central African Republic	4.3	3.9	4.7	4.2	7.4	6.5	7.6	6.6	..	..	..
Chad	1.4	2.0	0.6	1.9	2.6	3.6	1.1	3.0	1.1	3.5	7.6
Channel Islands	5.7	7.0	6.2	7.3	13.1	15.7	12.1	14.9	..	..	..
Chile	9.4	6.8	12.5	8.0	20.7	19.1	30.8	20.2	6.4	8.2	6.8
China	3.7	5.1	2.9	4.0	7.7	11.9	6.1	9.8	..	..	..
Colombia	17.4	7.9	25.1	12.8	31.0	16.0	44.5	25.8	7.8	11.6	11.5
Comoros	4.4	6.3	4.9	10.0	10.9	18.5	8.5	18.0	..	..	..
Congo, Dem. Rep.	3.6	5.0	2.3	3.2	6.2	10.0	3.7	5.9	..	..	..
Congo, Rep.	18.8	9.0	21.2	10.2	40.2	22.5	38.7	20.7	..	..	..
Costa Rica	4.3	9.1	6.6	15.0	9.6	28.4	14.5	36.8	12.6	14.1	6.3
Cote d'Ivoire	4.6	2.8	4.3	3.8	6.5	4.4	5.4	6.2	2.2	6.4	12.4
Croatia	15.1	6.2	17.3	7.2	40.4	14.5	41.0	19.8	9.1	6.9	5.3
Cuba	3.9	1.6	8.4	1.8	9.1	4.7	12.2	4.2	..	..	..
Curacao	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Cyprus	3.3	6.3	7.4	8.0	6.6	17.9	13.6	14.0	7.5	8.0	6.2
Czech Republic	7.3	1.7	10.5	2.4	17.2	5.4	16.5	6.0	10.7	1.8	1.0
Denmark	4.0	4.8	5.0	5.3	6.5	10.4	7.0	9.7	8.4	4.1	4.0
Djibouti	11.6	10.8	11.8	11.3	20.2	21.4	18.5	21.7	34.8	27.5	16.3
Dominica	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Dominican Republic	4.2	4.1	10.7	9.6	8.3	11.8	20.7	23.0	5.7	9.4	5.5
Ecuador	3.8	3.3	6.4	4.6	8.3	6.9	12.6	11.7	2.1	6.2	5.3
Egypt, Arab Rep.	5.1	6.7	23.0	21.3	15.7	18.2	45.3	53.3	4.1	10.4	22.1
El Salvador	9.1	4.2	3.7	3.7	14.2	8.2	8.2	11.7	3.4	6.2	6.5
Equatorial Guinea	8.2	7.8	9.0	8.1	15.6	15.3	16.9	15.7	..	..	..
Eritrea	6.2	6.2	7.6	6.5	9.9	10.8	11.6	11.1	..	..	..
Estonia	15.0	4.1	11.6	4.8	22.1	10.5	19.6	11.8	9.8	4.8	2.9
Eswatini	21.7	20.6	27.5	24.0	45.9	43.6	54.1	49.2	25.4	29.0	11.3
Ethiopia	2.5	1.5	4.7	2.7	3.6	2.4	6.8	4.1	..	..	..
Faroe Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Fiji	3.4	3.5	5.2	5.3	6.8	11.5	14.4	22.2	2.6	5.6	5.0
Finland	10.4	7.2	12.0	6.2	28.6	18.5	30.9	15.6	16.0	7.2	3.9
France	8.6	8.5	12.2	8.4	18.8	20.7	22.5	18.1	15.6	9.2	5.1
French Polynesia	10.3	11.8	13.4	13.9	28.8	34.1	39.4	42.7	..	..	..
Gabon	15.6	14.1	20.1	28.0	33.5	31.0	41.9	41.9	..	..	..
Gambia, The	7.3	6.5	12.8	12.0	9.9	8.9	17.5	16.7	11.5	16.9	7.0
Georgia	11.1	12.8	10.5	10.1	21.1	28.6	20.4	32.2	11.3	11.8	11.3
Germany	7.6	3.5	8.3	2.7	9.5	6.6	7.4	4.7	7.9	2.7	1.8
Ghana	10.1	4.0	10.7	4.3	16.1	9.0	16.5	8.4	3.5	7.6	4.6
Gibraltar	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Greece	7.5	14.0	17.2	21.5	21.6	33.4	38.2	37.1	20.3	19.7	12.1
Greenland	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Grenada	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guam	16.2	6.1	14.1	5.0	32.2	15.7	32.2	15.2	..	..	..
Guatemala	2.5	1.8	3.4	3.4	4.0	3.6	5.3	8.1	3.1	5.5	2.9
Guinea	5.7	5.3	3.5	3.2	6.8	6.2	4.7	4.1	..	..	..
Guinea-Bissau	3.2	2.8	3.2	2.8	5.1	4.7	4.9	4.5	..	..	..
Guyana	10.4	12.3	15.1	16.5	21.5	20.6	31.3	34.7	14.4	16.4	4.9
Haiti	7.1	10.9	9.5	16.3	16.4	23.4	23.1	37.4	..	..	..
Honduras	3.8	4.6	4.1	7.1	6.2	7.7	8.4	16.0	5.1	10.6	6.6
Hong Kong SAR, China	5.6	3.5	4.0	2.3	12.0	10.4	10.2	6.7	3.9	4.0	2.4
Hungary	7.2	3.4	5.8	3.5	13.7	11.9	10.4	10.6	9.7	3.0	1.5
Iceland	1.3	3.9	2.6	3.1	4.9	11.5	3.8	5.5	5.7	3.3	2.3
India	5.8	5.3	5.5	5.2	18.3	22.7	17.1	24.4	3.8	10.0	15.1
Indonesia	5.7	3.8	6.7	3.3	18.1	13.6	19.3	13.0	2.4	6.3	4.4
Iran, Islamic Rep.	10.2	9.5	18.6	18.1	20.0	22.2	32.7	37.7	8.8	12.7	18.4
Iraq	9.2	10.0	7.6	30.6	16.7	21.6	19.3	62.6	..	..	..
Ireland	4.3	5.2	4.3	4.7	6.1	14.3	6.7	10.7	8.6	5.9	3.2
Isle of Man	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Israel	11.1	3.7	11.2	3.9	17.2	6.2	17.4	7.2	6.8	4.6	2.8
Italy	8.3	9.1	14.9	11.1	28.4	27.8	35.7	31.2	13.7	9.4	5.7
Jamaica	10.2	5.8	22.3	9.9	26.1	18.2	43.6	27.0	..	..	..
Japan	4.9	2.5	4.5	2.2	10.2	4.0	7.9	3.8	..	2.9	2.0
Jordan	12.4	15.3	21.2	23.8	26.6	34.3	47.1	50.7	18.1	8.1	24.6
Kazakhstan	11.1	4.3	14.5	5.3	22.2	3.5	25.2	3.9	6.7	5.3	3.5
Kenya	2.9	2.4	3.0	2.8	7.0	7.1	6.5	7.2	1.6	4.2	7.8
Kiribati	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Korea, Dem. People’s Rep.	3.4	3.0	2.5	2.2	7.4	6.6	5.6	5.1	..	..	..
Korea, Rep.	5.0	3.9	3.6	3.6	12.5	10.1	8.7	9.6	3.4	3.6	3.9
Kosovo	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	32.0	25.0	22.5
Kuwait	0.5	1.2	1.8	6.1	4.5	10.0	7.6	29.4	..	..	..
Kyrgyz Republic	6.6	5.5	8.7	8.7	11.9	11.8	13.3	21.3	..	..	..
Lao PDR	2.0	0.7	1.9	0.6	4.0	1.8	3.6	1.6	11.0	6.5	6.9
Latvia	15.0	7.2	13.4	5.4	21.0	14.3	21.7	10.2	13.8	7.1	3.6
Lebanon	7.8	4.8	9.9	9.8	21.7	15.5	19.7	21.0	9.6	12.4	14.5
Lesotho	27.5	20.3	43.3	28.1	37.6	28.9	60.3	42.0	..	..	..
Liberia	2.4	3.5	2.3	2.2	2.7	2.2	3.9	2.0	2.8	8.5	8.1
Libya	16.5	15.4	25.3	24.1	39.5	41.6	61.3	68.4	..	..	..
Liechtenstein	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Lithuania	18.2	7.0	13.6	5.5	29.5	14.1	27.3	9.3	18.1	8.3	2.9
Luxembourg	1.8	5.7	3.1	5.5	5.7	17.6	7.3	15.9	8.8	6.2	3.6
Macao SAR, China	8.6	2.1	4.6	1.3	15.4	5.6	7.2	4.2	2.3	1.8	1.5
Madagascar	5.7	1.6	5.9	1.7	9.0	3.5	7.0	2.8	..	..	..
Malawi	5.2	4.7	6.9	6.5	7.9	6.9	8.6	7.9	29.6	22.5	14.1
Malaysia	3.0	3.1	3.1	3.6	10.3	10.7	10.0	13.4	2.1	4.1	4.1
Maldives	1.6	6.0	2.7	5.2	3.9	18.0	5.1	11.7	9.4	5.9	3.5
Mali	4.9	6.5	5.8	8.2	6.6	15.0	8.1	18.7	2.2	10.9	18.8
Malta	6.2	3.2	6.5	3.6	13.2	10.6	10.5	7.7	4.6	3.2	2.2
Marshall Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Mauritania	9.1	9.5	12.0	11.5	13.6	18.9	15.4	25.6	15.8	10.0	17.3
Mauritius	7.6	4.3	12.4	9.4	25.1	20.5	29.6	28.0	5.6	7.8	6.0
Mexico	2.3	3.5	3.4	3.5	4.6	6.7	6.4	8.0	3.2	4.1	4.4
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Moldova	9.8	5.8	7.2	4.3	17.0	11.4	15.3	9.5	6.9	5.0	2.8
Monaco	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Mongolia	6.3	5.8	6.1	4.8	10.8	15.3	9.6	16.9	8.9	13.3	7.3
Montenegro	26.5	14.7	35.8	15.7	48.0	25.9	64.3	24.3	25.7	15.4	11.4
Morocco	13.8	8.5	13.0	10.5	21.8	22.1	16.9	22.9	..	..	..
Mozambique	4.0	2.8	2.0	3.5	8.9	6.7	3.9	6.8	..	..	..
Myanmar	0.7	0.4	0.9	0.6	1.4	1.4	1.6	1.6	0.3	0.2	0.8
Namibia	19.1	20.9	21.6	18.5	36.1	37.3	42.5	38.5	17.5	23.9	12.2
Nauru	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Nepal	2.0	3.0	1.6	2.7	3.7	5.3	2.0	4.0	10.4	15.1	8.5
Netherlands	2.2	3.4	3.5	3.4	4.7	7.3	5.8	6.2	5.7	3.2	2.3
New Caledonia	15.0	14.4	20.5	16.7	39.0	37.8	46.4	41.3	..	..	..
New Zealand	6.3	3.8	6.0	4.4	14.5	11.0	12.4	11.3	..	..	..
Nicaragua	7.4	5.1	7.9	5.2	10.9	8.4	14.6	14.0	..	..	..
Niger	1.9	0.5	1.0	0.4	4.2	0.8	1.9	0.3	8.1	7.8	4.8
Nigeria	4.0	9.4	3.7	7.4	10.5	18.3	8.7	16.9	8.4	10.4	15.3
North Macedonia	30.5	16.5	34.9	18.4	56.2	33.4	61.4	38.9	22.7	16.6	14.3
Northern Mariana Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Norway	3.6	4.0	3.3	3.4	10.6	10.3	11.2	9.4	8.0	3.5	2.2
Oman	2.7	0.8	7.1	7.4	9.1	7.8	12.0	36.3	..	..	..
Pakistan	0.7	3.9	0.3	4.3	1.0	8.1	0.7	6.5	3.9	5.6	7.2
Palau	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Panama	3.1	4.0	5.1	5.8	6.5	10.4	10.7	17.5	4.3	6.4	3.9
Papua New Guinea	3.8	3.4	2.0	1.3	6.2	5.3	4.3	3.2	..	..	..
Paraguay	8.0	5.4	11.7	8.3	13.1	12.1	22.0	19.9	5.0	5.9	2.8
Peru	5.7	2.8	5.8	3.3	9.4	7.0	8.7	7.8	2.7	4.4	3.6
Philippines	3.5	2.0	4.1	2.5	7.9	5.8	12.1	8.1	4.5	9.0	7.5
Poland	14.6	3.0	18.3	3.6	33.6	9.6	37.1	10.2	8.3	3.6	2.0
Portugal	3.0	5.8	4.7	7.2	5.5	15.6	11.8	21.4	6.6	7.2	5.3
Puerto Rico	11.8	10.1	7.4	6.0	23.1	22.5	15.9	15.0	..	..	..
Qatar	0.2	0.1	2.5	0.4	0.4	0.2	4.8	2.1	..	..	..
Romania	7.5	4.3	6.4	3.4	18.9	16.3	15.8	17.6	5.9	4.0	1.6
Russian Federation	10.8	4.8	10.4	4.4	19.5	15.1	22.2	15.9	10.9	4.0	4.4
Rwanda	1.0	0.9	0.5	1.0	1.3	1.2	0.9	2.1	14.7	23.1	16.9
Samoa	4.1	7.4	5.7	9.8	10.0	14.7	14.1	22.3	14.6	18.6	7.7
San Marino	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	4.5	8.3	8.2
Sao Tome and Principe	12.5	8.8	17.8	20.5	18.3	14.8	27.2	31.9	..	..	..
Saudi Arabia	3.8	3.0	9.4	23.0	22.2	20.5	33.0	64.3	..	..	..
Senegal	4.5	6.1	7.8	7.0	7.2	7.0	11.8	8.6	4.9	10.6	16.1
Serbia	10.8	9.9	15.0	11.1	28.1	25.7	29.9	29.6	10.6	11.2	8.3
Seychelles	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	2.3	4.3	2.0
Sierra Leone	4.5	5.1	2.3	3.6	7.1	13.6	3.5	5.6	..	..	..
Singapore	3.8	3.1	3.5	3.2	5.5	9.2	9.8	14.4	3.5	4.6	4.1
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Slovak Republic	19.4	5.6	18.6	6.0	39.6	14.0	33.3	19.8	30.9	4.8	2.5
Slovenia	6.8	4.0	7.1	4.9	14.8	7.4	18.4	9.1	9.3	4.6	3.0
Solomon Islands	2.5	0.6	1.7	0.6	3.5	0.9	3.4	1.4	..	..	..
Somalia	13.4	12.7	13.9	13.2	21.6	19.5	23.1	21.0	..	..	..
South Africa	25.5	26.8	36.0	30.5	48.5	53.6	58.7	62.2	34.9	29.7	13.6
South Sudan	11.6	10.9	13.9	13.2	21.0	20.0	18.0	17.2	..	..	..
Spain	9.5	12.5	20.4	16.0	19.7	31.0	32.2	34.5	19.9	14.5	8.6
Sri Lanka	5.9	3.0	11.5	6.9	20.5	16.4	30.7	29.2	2.8	6.9	8.5
St. Kitts and Nevis	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
St. Lucia	12.9	14.1	21.3	17.2	22.6	38.8	38.1	33.1	21.0	16.1	9.3
St. Martin (French part)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	22.3	20.1	19.0	16.6	40.1	38.6	40.9	41.8	..	..	..
Sudan	13.5	11.4	20.4	28.8	27.7	26.7	29.3	42.6	..	..	..
Suriname	9.1	4.2	19.6	11.3	22.0	8.9	51.3	21.5	9.1	5.4	3.6
Sweden	5.9	6.7	5.0	7.0	10.6	20.7	7.9	19.7	20.6	5.0	3.7
Switzerland	2.3	4.1	3.1	4.7	5.8	8.8	4.1	7.2	8.0	4.4	3.3
Syrian Arab Republic	7.0	5.7	19.6	20.4	13.9	16.9	31.0	46.2	..	..	..
Tajikistan	15.5	7.5	14.0	5.2	27.5	14.0	26.3	11.2	..	..	..
Tanzania	3.0	1.5	3.1	2.5	5.7	2.8	5.3	4.2	..	..	..
Thailand	2.4	0.7	2.3	0.7	7.3	3.4	6.3	5.5	0.6	1.0	1.5
Timor-Leste	2.7	3.1	4.2	6.0	6.6	9.8	13.6	15.3	4.3	7.0	6.1
Togo	4.5	4.5	4.4	2.7	6.9	11.4	8.3	6.7	4.8	14.3	13.5
Tonga	2.7	2.6	5.5	3.7	5.5	5.7	16.2	12.8	3.8	2.8	2.5
Trinidad and Tobago	3.1	3.5	4.4	3.5	6.9	9.2	9.2	9.0	3.9	3.2	2.3
Tunisia	14.6	12.4	16.1	22.4	32.7	34.8	27.6	38.2	8.3	15.6	29.1
Turkey	6.6	12.3	6.3	16.4	13.2	21.9	11.9	29.7	13.1	15.6	13.5
Turkmenistan	13.4	4.9	9.3	2.0	22.7	9.4	19.4	5.5	..	..	..
Turks and Caicos Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Tuvalu	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	8.1	11.6	2.5
Uganda	2.5	1.2	3.3	2.2	4.6	2.0	5.4	3.0	11.0	9.8	5.2
Ukraine	12.1	8.5	11.4	7.8	21.2	15.6	20.6	15.4	9.9	9.2	7.1
United Arab Emirates	2.2	1.4	2.7	6.3	5.9	5.3	6.3	13.4	1.2	3.7	3.8
United Kingdom	6.1	3.9	4.9	3.5	13.4	12.9	10.3	9.1	6.5	4.0	2.5
United States	3.9	3.7	4.1	3.6	9.6	9.3	8.8	7.3	5.4	4.8	2.4
Uruguay	10.2	7.7	15.9	11.3	25.4	25.5	34.6	34.5	11.1	6.7	3.2
Uzbekistan	10.2	5.8	14.5	5.5	18.1	10.9	27.0	12.0	..	..	..
Vanuatu	4.3	1.9	5.2	1.4	8.7	4.1	9.2	4.2	..	..	..
Venezuela, RB	13.6	6.8	14.6	7.7	21.4	13.5	26.6	20.9	3.9	5.7	5.8
Vietnam	2.4	2.1	2.1	2.0	4.9	6.6	4.1	6.7	1.8	2.6	2.5
Virgin Islands (U.S.)	6.3	7.5	7.3	8.7	14.5	17.7	19.5	29.2	..	..	..
West Bank and Gaza	11.1	21.3	8.0	41.1	15.7	34.6	16.7	66.8	22.5	25.4	30.5
Yemen, Rep.	12.3	11.9	8.9	25.3	20.4	23.3	14.3	34.1	..	..	..
Zambia	14.3	10.8	11.4	13.1	22.2	21.1	20.3	24.2	10.4	16.3	8.0
Zimbabwe	6.6	4.5	4.6	5.6	12.4	7.2	9.2	9.2	14.8	18.7	16.5
Arab World	11.2	7.7	17.5	19.9	23.6	21.9	32.6	45.3	..	..	..
Caribbean small states	8.4	6.7	16.2	9.7	19.7	17.2	32.7	25.4	..	..	..
Central Europe and the Baltics	12.0	3.7	13.0	3.9	27.2	11.4	26.7	12.1	11.1	4.2	2.2
Early-demographic dividend	6.0	5.3	7.1	6.4	15.8	17.0	17.6	20.8	8.1	12.0	12.9
East Asia & Pacific	3.8	4.2	3.2	3.4	9.0	10.4	8.1	9.3	..	..	..
East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)	3.7	4.3	3.1	3.5	8.8	10.6	8.1	9.5	..	..	..
East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)	3.7	4.3	3.1	3.5	8.8	10.6	8.1	9.5	..	..	..
Euro area	7.9	7.2	11.5	7.9	17.4	18.2	21.6	18.2	15.2	10.1	6.0
Europe & Central Asia	9.1	6.6	10.7	6.8	19.0	16.2	20.9	17.3	13.1	9.6	7.0
Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)	10.7	7.4	11.2	7.2	19.6	16.3	21.1	19.1	12.1	10.8	9.5
Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)	10.9	6.9	11.6	6.7	21.0	15.8	22.4	18.4	11.7	10.2	8.9
European Union	8.5	6.4	11.5	7.0	19.6	16.8	22.5	16.9	14.6	9.2	5.5
Fragile and conflict affected situations	6.2	6.9	5.1	6.9	12.0	14.2	12.3	18.5	..	..	..
Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC)	5.3	4.2	5.1	4.7	9.2	8.2	9.6	9.8	..	..	..
High income	6.1	4.6	7.1	5.1	14.3	12.4	15.1	13.2	11.0	7.2	4.3
IBRD only	6.0	5.7	6.1	5.9	15.3	17.5	16.5	20.7	..	..	..
IDA & IBRD total	5.7	5.4	5.8	5.7	13.7	15.2	14.7	17.7	..	..	..
IDA blend	3.3	5.4	4.7	5.4	7.4	11.8	7.1	10.8	..	..	..
IDA only	4.6	4.0	4.6	4.7	9.0	8.8	9.7	11.5	..	..	..
IDA total	4.2	4.5	4.6	4.9	8.5	9.8	8.8	11.2	..	..	..
Late-demographic dividend	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.1	11.5	13.5	12.1	14.4	..	..	..
Latin America & Caribbean	7.7	6.9	11.5	9.5	14.5	15.5	20.4	21.0	11.3	11.6	6.7
Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)	7.6	6.9	11.5	9.6	14.2	15.4	20.2	21.0	11.5	11.7	6.8
Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)	7.8	6.9	11.6	9.7	14.5	15.6	20.5	21.2	11.3	11.6	6.7
Least developed countries: UN classification	4.3	4.0	4.1	4.7	8.6	8.9	8.7	11.2	..	..	..
Low & middle income	5.6	5.4	5.7	5.6	13.5	15.2	14.5	17.7	..	..	..
Low income	5.4	4.8	4.9	4.9	9.9	9.6	10.7	11.9	..	..	..
Lower middle income	5.5	4.9	5.5	5.3	14.5	16.6	14.8	19.1	4.7	10.2	14.2
Middle East & North Africa	10.7	7.6	17.1	17.7	22.5	21.2	33.0	45.1	..	..	..
Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)	11.8	9.1	18.7	19.8	23.1	22.4	33.9	45.3	..	..	..
Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)	11.8	9.0	18.8	19.5	23.1	22.2	34.0	45.0	..	..	..
Middle income	5.6	5.5	5.7	5.7	13.8	15.9	14.8	18.5	..	..	..
North America	4.2	4.0	4.4	3.8	10.0	9.6	9.0	7.5	6.4	5.2	2.7
Not classified	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
OECD members	6.2	5.2	7.5	5.6	13.8	12.4	14.9	12.8	10.6	8.5	6.1
Other small states	10.9	7.1	16.5	12.6	22.7	18.7	29.9	25.6	..	..	..
Pacific island small states	3.3	2.6	3.9	2.8	6.4	6.9	11.2	12.2	..	..	..
Post-demographic dividend	6.1	4.9	7.0	5.0	13.7	12.1	13.9	11.0	11.1	7.5	4.6
Pre-demographic dividend	5.5	5.9	4.5	5.7	10.4	11.9	9.6	14.0	..	..	..
Small states	9.8	6.8	15.8	11.5	21.1	17.8	29.3	24.8	..	..	..
South Asia	5.1	4.9	5.0	5.3	15.5	19.3	14.7	21.0	3.8	10.0	15.1
South Asia (IDA & IBRD)	5.1	4.9	5.0	5.3	15.5	19.3	14.7	21.0	3.8	10.0	15.1
Sub-Saharan Africa	6.5	6.1	6.7	6.4	12.4	12.2	12.6	13.1	..	..	..
Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)	6.5	6.1	6.7	6.4	12.4	12.1	12.6	13.0	..	..	..
Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)	6.5	6.1	6.7	6.4	12.4	12.2	12.6	13.1	..	..	..
Upper middle income	5.7	6.0	5.9	6.0	13.1	15.1	14.9	17.8	..	..	..
World	5.7	5.3	6.0	5.5	13.6	14.8	14.6	17.1	..	..	..

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