World Development Indicators

Decent work and productive employment
Employment to population ratio				Vulnerable employment				Labor productivity
Total		Youth		Unpaid family workers and own-account workers, male		Unpaid family workers and own-account workers, female		GDP per person employed
% ages 15 and older		% ages 15-24		% of male employment		% of female employment		% growth
1991	2013	1991	2013	1990-1992	2009-2012	1990-1992	2009-2012	1991-93	2009-12

Afghanistan	47	44	37	31	..	..	..	..	..	..
Albania	58	46	47	26	..	..	..	..	2.0	3.5
Algeria	34	40	21	22	..	31	..	24	-4.7	0.6
American Samoa	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Andorra	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Angola	66	65	48	47	..	..	..	..	-20.7	0.4
Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..	..	15	..	14	..	..	..
Argentina	55	56	48	33	24	21	25	16	6.6	1.8
Armenia	54	53	34	25	..	30	..	29	-28.7	-1.4
Aruba	..	..	..	..	5	..	2	..	..	..
Australia	57	62	58	60	13	..	9	..	3.2	1.0
Austria	54	58	61	55	..	9	..	8	1.3	-0.1
Azerbaijan	59	63	41	30	..	..	..	..	-25.7	3.2
Bahamas, The	64	64	45	41	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bahrain	61	65	32	32	..	2	..	1	5.7	-4.2
Bangladesh	73	68	64	53	..	..	..	..	3.5	3.7
Barbados	56	63	41	42	15	..	9	..	0.0	-1.3
Belarus	62	53	45	35	..	3	..	2	-7.3	4.0
Belgium	46	49	32	24	17	12	16	8	0.7	-0.2
Belize	53	56	43	38	..	..	..	..	..	..
Benin	72	72	66	56	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bermuda	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bhutan	63	71	41	45	..	38	..	68	..	..
Bolivia	65	71	50	52	30	47	52	64	1.0	1.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	33	16	13	..	27	..	28	-28.0	0.5
Botswana	59	63	52	39	..	..	..	..	..	..
Brazil	62	66	57	54	34	27	38	22	1.6	0.9
Brunei Darussalam	63	62	41	41	4	..	3	..	..	..
Bulgaria	47	46	30	21	..	9	..	7	0.5	2.7
Burkina Faso	81	81	76	73	..	..	..	..	-1.1	2.0
Burundi	84	77	72	58	..	..	..	..	..	..
Cabo Verde	57	63	56	54	..	..	..	..	..	..
Cambodia	80	82	72	72	..	59	..	70	3.6	3.2
Cameroon	64	67	43	44	..	67	..	87	-6.6	0.8
Canada	59	62	57	55	..	..	..	..	1.9	0.6
Cayman Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Central African Republic	73	73	57	55	..	..	..	..	..	..
Chad	67	67	51	50	..	..	..	..	..	..
Channel Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Chile	50	58	32	32	..	..	..	..	6.7	1.7
China	75	68	71	51	..	..	..	..	8.2	8.4
Hong Kong SAR, China	63	57	54	35	..	..	..	..	5.0	2.1
Macao SAR, China	56	70	46	49	..	6	..	3	..	..
Colombia	47	60	35	37	30	47	26	51	2.1	0.6
Comoros	50	54	36	35	..	..	..	..	..	..
Congo, Dem. Rep.	66	66	39	39	..	..	..	..	-16.8	2.5
Congo, Rep.	62	66	41	40	..	..	..	..	..	..
Costa Rica	55	58	48	39	25	21	20	18	4.0	1.1
Cote d'Ivoire	63	65	50	48	..	..	..	..	2.1	-0.3
Croatia	51	42	27	14	..	17	..	16	-10.5	-0.1
Cuba	53	55	40	39	..	..	..	..	..	..
Curacao	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Cyprus	52	54	37	25	..	15	..	10	-2.6	-0.2
Czech Republic	60	55	49	26	..	18	..	12	-0.8	0.3
Denmark	62	58	65	54	7	7	6	4	2.2	0.6
Djibouti	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Dominica	..	..	..	..	32	..	23	..	..	..
Dominican Republic	52	55	37	36	43	48	35	22	4.9	3.0
Ecuador	59	66	48	46	31	57	43	42	-2.5	2.4
Egypt, Arab Rep.	43	43	22	21	..	18	..	45	-0.1	1.1
El Salvador	57	58	46	43	..	32	..	45	..	..
Equatorial Guinea	81	80	69	66	..	..	..	..	..	..
Eritrea	77	79	71	69	..	..	..	..	..	..
Estonia	67	57	51	33	5	6	4	1	-4.8	1.7
Ethiopia	75	79	70	71	..	..	..	..	-1.2	4.7
Faeroe Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Fiji	54	51	42	33	..	..	..	..	..	..
Finland	60	55	49	43	..	12	..	7	4.6	-0.3
France	50	50	33	29	10	9	10	5	1.3	0.2
French Polynesia	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Gabon	49	49	22	17	..	..	..	..	..	..
Gambia, The	72	72	60	57	..	..	..	..	..	..
Georgia	57	56	24	23	..	61	..	61	-30.2	2.9
Germany	56	57	58	47	5	8	6	6	1.8	-0.1
Ghana	65	66	41	35	..	69	..	84	0.7	5.6
Greece	46	39	31	13	39	31	43	27	-1.6	-2.0
Greenland	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Grenada	..	..	..	..	14	..	15	..	..	..
Guam	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guatemala	62	66	55	58	..	..	..	..	1.0	-0.7
Guinea	70	71	52	54	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guinea-Bissau	64	68	45	49	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guyana	52	55	39	36	..	..	..	..	..	..
Haiti	59	61	34	30	..	..	..	..	..	..
Honduras	57	60	48	45	49	51	45	57	..	..
Hungary	48	47	35	19	8	7	7	6	6.8	-1.2
Iceland	73	70	57	64	16	10	9	6	-1.0	0.1
India	58	52	45	32	..	79	..	85	3.0	5.1
Indonesia	61	64	42	40	..	49	..	60	5.2	3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep.	41	39	29	22	..	..	..	..	-0.3	0.5
Iraq	33	36	20	19	..	..	..	..	9.2	2.6
Ireland	45	53	38	29	24	18	8	5	2.1	2.7
Isle of Man	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Israel	46	59	24	43	..	..	..	..	0.8	1.3
Italy	45	43	33	17	15	21	16	14	1.7	-0.7
Jamaica	62	54	43	23	46	43	37	31	1.6	0.1
Japan	62	57	43	40	13	..	23	..	-0.3	0.4
Jordan	34	36	20	17	..	11	..	2	0.4	1.5
Kazakhstan	63	69	45	45	..	29	..	30	-2.4	3.6
Kenya	67	61	46	33	..	..	..	..	-3.9	1.5
Kiribati	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Korea, Dem. Rep.	79	74	73	56	..	..	..	..	..	..
Korea, Rep.	59	59	36	25	..	..	..	..	4.3	2.0
Kosovo	..	..	..	..	..	18	..	12	..	..
Kuwait	59	66	27	28	..	3	..	1	8.8	-0.6
Kyrgyz Republic	60	62	42	41	..	..	..	..	-13.7	0.5
Lao PDR	80	77	72	61	..	..	..	..	..	..
Latvia	59	54	42	33	..	9	..	7	-18.0	4.0
Lebanon	39	44	24	24	..	..	..	..	..	..
Lesotho	49	50	39	30	..	..	..	..	..	..
Liberia	58	59	34	34	..	69	..	89	..	..
Libya	39	43	18	18	..	..	..	..	..	..
Liechtenstein	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Lithuania	56	54	34	25	..	10	..	8	-17.6	0.9
Luxembourg	51	54	52	22	6	5	8	6	0.7	-1.7
Macedonia, FYR	38	39	19	16	..	23	..	20	-8.4	0.0
Madagascar	84	85	71	75	..	..	..	..	-1.5	-3.4
Malawi	72	77	48	52	..	..	..	..	-0.3	2.8
Malaysia	60	58	46	36	31	21	25	21	5.4	0.0
Maldives	45	59	32	40	44	..	57	..	..	..
Mali	46	61	36	52	..	..	..	..	-2.3	-1.2
Malta	49	49	58	44	..	11	..	5	4.8	-0.6
Marshall Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Mauritania	33	37	21	23	..	..	..	..	..	..
Mauritius	54	54	42	33	13	18	7	15	..	..
Mexico	57	59	50	43	37	..	36	..	0.8	0.3
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Moldova	62	39	43	18	..	33	..	24	-17.1	5.2
Monaco	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Mongolia	55	60	39	33	..	57	..	52	..	..
Montenegro	44	40	25	18	..	..	..	..	..	..
Morocco	46	46	40	30	..	..	..	..	-5.6	3.0
Mozambique	76	77	64	56	..	..	..	..	-3.2	4.3
Myanmar	73	76	51	52	..	..	..	..	5.1	6.7
Namibia	46	49	24	21	..	25	..	41	..	..
Nepal	83	81	79	72	..	..	..	..	..	..
Netherlands	53	60	53	62	8	13	9	10	0.6	-0.2
New Caledonia	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
New Zealand	57	64	54	51	16	..	10	..	2.4	0.5
Nicaragua	56	59	46	43	..	41	..	56	..	..
Niger	54	61	47	53	..	..	..	..	-6.8	2.0
Nigeria	53	52	29	32	..	..	..	..	-1.4	4.4
Northern Mariana Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Norway	59	63	49	52	..	7	..	3	2.8	0.5
Oman	52	60	28	37	..	..	..	..	-1.2	0.7
Pakistan	48	52	38	41	..	..	..	..	1.3	0.3
Palau	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Panama	49	63	33	44	40	31	15	27	..	..
Papua New Guinea	70	71	57	55	..	..	..	..	..	..
Paraguay	68	67	63	53	23	40	27	49	..	..
Peru	57	73	41	56	32	41	46	53	4.3	4.2
Philippines	60	61	42	40	..	37	..	43	-1.9	1.5
Poland	55	51	33	25	..	20	..	16	4.5	2.5
Portugal	59	50	51	22	18	19	21	14	1.4	0.9
Puerto Rico	38	37	20	18	..	..	..	..	..	..
Qatar	80	86	55	67	..	..	..	..	2.3	1.7
Romania	55	52	47	23	27	31	40	32	-0.3	-0.6
Russian Federation	58	60	41	34	1	..	1	..	-10.2	1.1
Rwanda	88	85	80	72	..	..	..	..	..	..
Samoa	..	..	..	..	..	48	..	12	..	..
San Marino	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Sao Tome and Principe	..	..	..	..	26	..	30	..	..	..
Saudi Arabia	50	52	23	14	7	..	2	..	-1.1	1.9
Senegal	68	69	59	57	77	..	91	..	-2.1	0.0
Serbia	49	41	28	15	..	29	..	24	..	..
Seychelles	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Sierra Leone	62	65	38	42	..	..	..	..	..	..
Singapore	63	66	52	35	10	11	6	7	6.6	2.0
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Slovak Republic	59	51	47	21	..	16	..	8	3.9	1.4
Slovenia	51	52	28	26	..	15	..	11	0.2	-0.3
Solomon Islands	63	64	44	44	..	..	..	..	..	..
Somalia	52	52	43	40	..	..	..	..	..	..
South Africa	41	39	18	12	..	9	..	11	-4.5	2.7
South Sudan	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Spain	42	43	35	16	20	15	22	10	2.1	2.4
Sri Lanka	49	53	28	31	..	40	..	43	3.7	5.4
St. Kitts and Nevis	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
St. Lucia	..	..	..	..	12	..	12	..	0.6	-1.0
St. Martin (French part)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	..	..	..	..	22	..	17	..	..	..
Sudan	44	45	31	27	..	..	..	..	-1.6	-5.2
Suriname	50	50	29	22	..	..	..	..	..	..
Swaziland	43	45	27	26	..	..	..	..	..	..
Sweden	64	59	58	41	..	9	..	4	3.0	1.2
Switzerland	67	65	69	62	7	9	11	10	1.1	-0.2
Syrian Arab Republic	46	39	36	21	..	35	..	16	4.5	0.8
Tajikistan	59	61	42	40	..	52	..	41	-25.2	6.2
Tanzania	86	86	77	75	86	..	96	..	-2.7	3.4
Thailand	78	72	69	47	63	52	71	56	6.2	1.8
Timor-Leste	57	36	44	13	..	66	..	78	..	..
Togo	70	75	58	59	..	..	..	..	..	..
Tonga	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Trinidad and Tobago	45	60	33	43	21	..	20	..	-2.0	-1.2
Tunisia	41	41	28	22	..	31	..	21	1.6	0.2
Turkey	52	45	48	32	..	27	..	44	8.8	0.1
Turkmenistan	54	55	36	36	..	..	..	..	-10.6	7.0
Turks and Caicos Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Tuvalu	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Uganda	80	75	62	55	..	..	..	..	2.2	1.9
Ukraine	58	55	35	34	..	17	..	19	-10.7	0.3
United Arab Emirates	71	77	43	49	..	1	..	1	-5.8	-5.4
United Kingdom	58	57	63	47	13	15	6	8	2.7	-0.3
United States	61	58	54	43	..	..	..	..	2.0	1.3
Uruguay	56	61	47	45	..	23	..	21	3.9	4.1
Uzbekistan	53	55	35	36	..	..	..	..	-7.0	5.4
Vanuatu	..	..	..	..	..	67	..	75	..	..
Venezuela, RB	55	60	38	36	..	31	..	32	0.0	-1.0
Vietnam	77	76	73	60	..	56	..	69	5.6	3.2
Virgin Islands (U.S.)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
West Bank and Gaza	33	32	22	16	..	25	..	35	..	..
Yemen, Rep.	38	40	25	26	..	29	..	40	-0.5	-4.3
Zambia	65	69	46	50	61	..	82	..	-1.7	4.1
Zimbabwe	69	82	48	72	..	..	..	..	-6.4	3.5
World	62	60	52	41	..	..	..	..	0.8	2.1
Low income	73	72	60	56	..	..	..	..	-0.9	3.8
Middle income	63	59	52	39	..	..	..	..	2.9	4.7
Lower middle income	58	55	43	35	..	66	..	71	0.8	3.5
Upper middle income	67	63	60	44	..	..	..	..	4.2	5.4
Low & middle income	64	61	53	42	..	..	..	..	2.7	4.6
East Asia & Pacific	73	68	66	49	..	..	..	..	6.9	7.0
Europe & Central Asia	55	51	40	32	..	26	..	29	-3.7	1.9
Latin America & Caribbean	58	62	49	46	33	32	36	32	1.5	0.8
Middle East & North Africa	40	41	26	22	..	31	..	44	-0.2	0.7
South Asia	59	54	47	36	..	76	..	83	2.9	4.4
Sub-Saharan Africa	64	65	47	47	..	..	..	..	-3.4	1.8
High income	57	56	45	37	..	12	..	10	1.1	0.7
Euro area	50	50	42	31	15	13	14	9	1.5	0.3

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