World Development Indicators

Decent work and productive employment
Employment to population ratio				Vulnerable employment				Labor productivity
Total		Youth		Contributing family workers and own-account workers, male		Contributing family workers and own-account workers, female		GDP per person employed
% ages 15 and older		% ages 15-24		% of male employment		% of female employment		% growth
1991	2014	1991	2014	1990-1992	2011-2014	1990-1992	2011-2014	1991-93	2011-14

Afghanistan	45	43	33	30	..	..	..	..	-4.9	3.3
Albania	57	46	47	26	..	55	..	62	4.7	1.2
Algeria	34	40	21	23	..	28	..	24	-3.0	1.0
American Samoa	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Andorra	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Angola	66	65	48	47	..	..	..	..	-21.6	0.8
Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..	..	15	..	14	..	..	..
Argentina	55	56	48	32	24	23	25	16	9.5	-0.2
Armenia	54	53	34	24	..	37	..	48	-28.9	3.3
Aruba	..	..	..	..	5	..	2	..	..	..
Australia	57	61	58	59	..	..	..	..	2.1	2.3
Austria	54	58	61	55	..	9	..	8	0.0	0.4
Azerbaijan	59	63	41	30	..	51	..	62	-27.0	2.0
Bahamas, The	64	63	45	41	..	..	..	..	-4.8	0.1
Bahrain	62	67	38	39	..	..	..	..	6.0	3.8
Bangladesh	73	68	64	53	..	61	..	38	2.2	3.9
Barbados	56	63	41	42	15	..	9	..	2.2	-0.7
Belarus	62	53	45	35	..	..	..	..	-7.7	1.3
Belgium	46	49	32	24	17	12	16	9	0.1	0.3
Belize	53	58	43	42	..	..	..	..	7.0	-1.5
Benin	72	72	66	56	..	..	..	..	0.3	2.2
Bermuda	..	..	..	..	..	10	..	5	..	..
Bhutan	62	71	40	44	..	38	..	68	5.4	2.3
Bolivia	65	71	50	52	30	47	52	64	0.8	3.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	33	15	14	..	26	..	24	0.5	-0.5
Botswana	59	63	52	39	..	..	..	..	0.2	3.6
Brazil	62	65	57	53	34	26	38	19	-2.4	-0.1
Brunei Darussalam	63	61	41	41	4	..	3	..	-1.5	0.1
Bulgaria	47	47	30	22	..	10	..	7	-0.8	1.5
Burkina Faso	81	81	76	72	..	..	..	..	-0.7	4.1
Burundi	84	77	72	58	..	..	..	..	-3.5	1.4
Cabo Verde	56	62	52	49	..	..	..	..	5.8	-1.4
Cambodia	80	82	72	72	..	59	..	70	3.0	5.1
Cameroon	63	67	43	45	..	..	..	..	-6.7	2.0
Canada	59	62	57	55	..	..	..	..	2.1	1.0
Cayman Islands	..	..	..	..	..	5	..	3	..	..
Central African Republic	73	73	57	55	..	..	..	..	-5.9	-15.5
Chad	67	67	51	51	..	..	..	..	-7.6	3.7
Channel Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Chile	50	58	32	32	..	..	..	..	5.3	2.0
China	75	68	71	51	..	..	..	..	9.4	6.6
Hong Kong SAR, China	63	57	54	35	..	9	..	4	5.8	1.9
Macao SAR, China	56	71	46	50	..	5	..	2	5.6	6.1
Colombia	47	61	35	38	30	47	26	49	0.3	2.0
Comoros	50	54	36	35	..	..	..	..	2.3	0.8
Congo, Dem. Rep.	66	66	40	40	..	..	..	..	-16.8	4.6
Congo, Rep.	62	66	41	40	..	..	..	..	-2.5	1.8
Costa Rica	55	58	48	38	25	22	20	19	4.2	2.1
Cote d'Ivoire	63	65	50	48	..	71	..	89	-3.8	5.9
Croatia	51	43	27	16	..	11	..	9	-10.3	0.5
Cuba	53	55	40	39	..	..	..	..	-14.8	2.1
Curacao	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Cyprus	52	54	37	26	..	17	..	11	2.3	-2.4
Czech Republic	60	56	49	27	..	17	..	11	-0.1	-0.9
Denmark	62	58	65	54	7	7	6	4	2.1	0.5
Djibouti	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Dominica	..	..	..	..	32	..	23	..	..	..
Dominican Republic	52	55	37	35	43	49	35	29	6.4	2.8
Ecuador	60	66	48	46	31	33	43	48	-1.4	2.1
Egypt, Arab Rep.	43	43	22	20	..	21	..	46	2.9	0.4
El Salvador	57	58	46	44	..	32	..	46	6.0	-0.2
Equatorial Guinea	81	80	69	66	..	..	..	..	17.8	-4.2
Eritrea	77	79	71	69	..	..	..	..	8.1	0.1
Estonia	67	57	51	34	5	7	4	4	-16.5	0.8
Ethiopia	76	79	71	71	..	87	..	91	-2.1	5.1
Faroe Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Fiji	54	51	42	34	..	..	..	..	1.2	1.8
Finland	60	54	49	44	..	12	..	7	4.6	-0.4
France	50	50	33	29	10	8	10	6	1.0	0.0
French Polynesia	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Gabon	49	49	22	17	..	..	..	..	-4.4	2.3
Gambia, The	72	72	60	57	..	53	..	70	0.4	2.9
Georgia	56	57	24	22	..	59	..	61	-46.9	4.2
Germany	56	57	58	47	5	7	6	6	1.8	0.5
Ghana	66	68	41	37	..	..	..	..	1.5	3.2
Greece	46	39	31	14	39	32	43	27	-2.1	0.4
Greenland	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Grenada	..	..	..	..	14	..	15	..	..	..
Guam	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guatemala	62	66	54	58	..	38	..	56	1.7	-0.4
Guinea	70	71	52	54	..	85	..	95	-1.3	0.0
Guinea-Bissau	64	68	45	49	..	..	..	..	-0.5	-2.3
Guyana	52	55	39	36	..	..	..	..	7.5	2.8
Haiti	59	62	34	30	..	..	..	..	-5.0	1.3
Honduras	57	60	48	46	49	..	45	..	1.1	-0.1
Hungary	48	48	35	21	8	7	7	5	-0.2	-0.8
Iceland	73	70	57	64	..	11	..	6	-0.4	0.5
India	58	52	45	32	..	..	..	..	2.6	3.6
Indonesia	61	64	42	39	..	24	..	48	3.1	3.8
Iran, Islamic Rep.	41	40	29	22	..	..	..	..	0.7	-2.6
Iraq	33	35	21	19	..	..	..	..	5.7	-0.1
Ireland	45	53	38	30	24	18	8	6	2.1	-1.1
Isle of Man	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Israel	46	59	24	42	..	..	..	..	-0.2	-0.9
Italy	45	43	33	16	15	21	16	15	1.9	-0.9
Jamaica	62	55	43	25	46	43	37	31	4.5	-0.3
Japan	62	57	43	40	..	..	..	..	-0.4	1.0
Jordan	34	37	20	18	..	11	..	2	4.2	-1.9
Kazakhstan	63	70	45	46	..	29	..	29	-6.9	3.6
Kenya	67	61	46	33	..	..	..	..	-3.5	1.5
Kiribati	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Korea, Dem. People's Rep.	79	75	72	56	..	..	..	..	3.8	4.4
Korea, Rep.	59	59	36	25	..	..	..	..	4.5	1.7
Kosovo	..	..	..	..	..	18	..	12	..	..
Kuwait	59	67	27	28	..	3	..	1	45.7	-2.0
Kyrgyz Republic	60	62	42	41	..	44	..	38	-16.4	2.8
Lao PDR	80	77	72	61	..	..	..	..	3.1	4.9
Latvia	59	55	42	33	..	9	..	6	-18.6	1.2
Lebanon	39	45	24	24	..	..	..	..	1.4	-3.5
Lesotho	49	49	39	30	..	..	..	..	5.4	1.6
Liberia	58	59	34	33	..	..	..	..	-40.5	4.7
Libya	39	43	18	19	..	..	..	..	-7.4	13.4
Liechtenstein	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Lithuania	56	54	34	26	..	11	..	9	-21.4	1.4
Luxembourg	51	54	52	23	6	7	8	6	2.0	0.3
Macedonia, FYR	38	40	19	17	..	25	..	19	-7.7	0.0
Madagascar	84	85	71	74	..	82	..	90	-1.6	-0.8
Malawi	72	77	47	52	..	..	..	..	-0.3	0.8
Malaysia	60	58	46	37	31	20	25	24	6.4	2.4
Maldives	45	59	32	39	44	..	57	..	3.0	0.3
Mali	46	61	36	52	..	..	..	..	0.5	-0.3
Malta	49	49	58	44	..	12	..	5	3.8	0.9
Marshall Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Mauritania	32	37	19	21	..	..	..	..	0.4	3.6
Mauritius	54	54	42	34	13	18	7	15	3.4	2.2
Mexico	57	59	50	43	..	..	..	..	0.0	-0.3
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Moldova	62	40	43	20	..	37	..	27	-17.9	3.1
Monaco	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Mongolia	55	60	39	33	..	53	..	50	-9.1	8.4
Montenegro	44	40	25	19	..	..	..	..	-7.1	-0.3
Morocco	46	46	40	29	..	..	..	..	-5.1	2.1
Mozambique	63	65	44	39	..	..	..	..	-3.4	4.9
Myanmar	73	76	52	52	..	..	..	..	5.0	6.3
Namibia	46	48	24	20	..	8	..	8	-1.1	2.0
Nepal	83	81	79	72	..	..	..	..	0.9	2.2
Netherlands	53	60	53	63	8	15	9	11	-0.3	0.0
New Caledonia	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
New Zealand	57	64	54	52	..	..	..	..	1.8	1.5
Nicaragua	56	60	46	45	..	..	..	..	-3.1	0.4
Niger	54	61	47	53	..	..	..	..	-7.0	3.0
Nigeria	53	52	29	33	..	..	..	..	-1.4	2.5
Northern Mariana Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Norway	59	63	49	52	..	7	..	4	3.5	1.1
Oman	53	62	29	39	..	..	..	..	-1.5	-8.3
Pakistan	48	52	38	41	..	..	..	..	1.7	1.9
Palau	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Panama	49	63	33	43	40	31	15	28	0.5	5.9
Papua New Guinea	70	70	57	55	..	..	..	..	12.9	3.5
Paraguay	68	67	63	55	23	36	27	41	0.4	2.8
Peru	57	73	41	56	32	41	46	53	-2.2	3.1
Philippines	60	61	42	40	..	36	..	42	-1.6	4.3
Poland	55	51	33	26	..	19	..	15	5.1	1.9
Portugal	59	52	51	22	18	17	21	12	1.1	-0.3
Puerto Rico	38	37	20	18	..	..	..	..	1.0	-1.3
Qatar	80	86	55	65	..	0	..	0	3.3	-1.0
Romania	55	53	47	23	27	31	40	31	-4.9	1.6
Russian Federation	58	61	41	35	1	6	1	6	-13.8	1.6
Rwanda	88	85	80	72	..	71	..	84	3.0	1.9
Samoa	..	..	..	..	..	30	..	32	..	..
San Marino	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Sao Tome and Principe	..	..	..	..	26	..	30	..	..	..
Saudi Arabia	50	52	23	14	7	..	2	..	-1.4	-0.1
Senegal	68	69	58	58	77	51	91	68	-3.3	0.7
Serbia	49	41	28	15	..	31	..	26	-33.0	-0.3
Seychelles	..	..	..	..	..	15	..	6	..	..
Sierra Leone	62	65	38	42	..	..	..	..	-9.4	11.0
Singapore	63	66	53	36	10	11	6	6	6.0	0.5
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Slovak Republic	59	52	47	22	..	15	..	8	-2.6	1.3
Slovenia	51	52	28	27	..	16	..	14	0.2	0.0
Solomon Islands	63	64	44	44	..	..	..	..	4.4	0.4
Somalia	52	52	44	40	..	..	..	..	3.1	1.8
South Africa	41	39	18	13	..	9	..	10	-3.9	0.4
South Sudan	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Spain	42	44	35	15	20	15	22	10	3.0	0.7
Sri Lanka	49	52	28	30	..	41	..	48	3.3	6.0
St. Kitts and Nevis	..	..	..	..	12	..	12	..	..	..
St. Lucia	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
St. Martin (French part)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	..	..	..	..	22	..	17	..	..	..
Sudan	44	46	32	27	..	..	..	..	2.3	-7.2
Suriname	50	52	28	23	..	15	..	9	1.1	1.8
Swaziland	43	45	27	26	..	..	..	..	0.4	-0.4
Sweden	64	59	58	43	..	9	..	5	3.6	1.1
Switzerland	67	65	69	62	7	9	11	10	0.0	0.5
Syrian Arab Republic	46	39	36	21	..	35	..	16	2.5	2.4
Tajikistan	59	61	42	40	..	..	..	..	-27.6	3.9
Tanzania	86	86	77	76	86	69	96	80	-2.6	3.6
Thailand	78	72	69	46	63	54	71	58	8.2	2.8
Timor-Leste	57	36	44	13	..	..	..	..	3.5	5.6
Togo	70	75	58	59	..	..	..	..	-13.1	2.6
Tonga	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Trinidad and Tobago	45	62	33	44	21	18	20	12	-4.8	1.3
Tunisia	41	41	27	22	..	23	..	17	0.4	-0.2
Turkey	52	45	48	33	..	26	..	39	8.6	1.1
Turkmenistan	54	55	36	36	..	..	..	..	-10.5	7.8
Turks and Caicos Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Tuvalu	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Uganda	80	75	61	55	..	72	..	86	2.5	1.2
Ukraine	58	55	35	34	..	17	..	19	-11.2	-1.1
United Arab Emirates	71	78	43	48	..	..	..	..	-5.1	2.3
United Kingdom	58	58	63	49	13	16	6	9	4.3	0.5
United States	61	59	54	44	..	..	..	..	2.1	0.7
Uruguay	57	61	48	45	..	23	..	21	4.1	3.0
Uzbekistan	53	55	35	36	..	..	..	..	-9.3	5.1
Vanuatu	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Venezuela, RB	55	60	38	35	..	30	..	30	0.6	-0.6
Vietnam	77	76	73	60	..	57	..	69	5.9	3.8
Virgin Islands (U.S.)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
West Bank and Gaza	33	31	21	15	..	24	..	33	6.4	4.6
Yemen, Rep.	38	41	25	26	..	..	..	..	-2.6	-1.1
Zambia	65	69	46	50	61	70	82	88	0.4	3.1
Zimbabwe	69	82	48	72	..	57	..	76	-7.0	-0.8
World	62	60	52	41	..	..	..	..	-0.2	1.8
East Asia & Pacific	72	67	64	48	..	..	..	..	2.9	4.5
Europe & Central Asia	54	53	43	34	..	15	..	13	-1.5	0.5
Latin America & Caribbean	57	62	48	45	..	33	..	31	-0.3	0.4
Middle East & North Africa	42	44	26	23	..	26	..	35	0.4	0.1
North America	60	59	54	45	..	..	..	..	2.1	0.7
South Asia	59	54	47	35	..	77	..	75	2.4	3.5
Sub-Saharan Africa	63	65	46	47	..	..	..	..	-3.4	1.4
Low income	72	73	59	57	..	..	..	..	-3.7	2.9
Lower middle income	59	56	45	36	..	63	..	65	0.7	2.7
Upper middle income	67	63	60	44	..	..	..	..	-1.5	3.7
High income	56	56	46	38	..	..	..	..	1.7	0.8

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